Gujarat BoardĀ GSEB Solutions Class 10 English Second Language Chapter 2 The Human Robot Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
GSEB Class 10 English Textbook Solutions Chapter 2 The Human Robot (Second Language)
GSEB Class 10 English The Human Robot Text Book Questions and Answers
1. All of you must have used remote controls to operate TV or music player. Do you know how they work ? Discuss with your partner, (in your mother tongue) (Classroom Activity)
2. Read the names and functions of some robots.
Name of the Robot | What do they do?/Function |
Moley | Quality of life is majorly decided by the food we eat. In the modern world, people want to eat good food but they donāt have time to cook it themselves. Therefore, Dr Mark Oleynic invented a robot that can cook healthy and tasty food to make lives happy. The robot can be operated by a smartphone and can cook food to be served at your convenient time. |
Neuroarm | Neuroarm is designed to perform neurosurgeries (related to nervous system). Launched in 2007, the Neuroarm is guided by a neurosurgeon with the help of digital images. It can perform critical operations with high accuracy. |
Seaswarm | Seaswarm works as a fleet and collects and removes oil from the sea surface. The small size robot is designed in such a way that it can operate without human support with the help of GPS and Wi-Fi in the sea. It can protect precious aquatic life from the dangers of oil spill. |
Depthx | The Deep Phreatic Thermal Explorer is an underwater research robot. It can measure underwater space. It was designed to study underwater life and to collect samples. The DepthX project was funded by NASA with the goal of developing technology that can explore the oceans of Jupiterās moon. |
Milo | Milo, the spiky hair robot that looks like a kid helps differently- abled children in learning. It has a face like humans and it can make expressions too. It helps many children and families and brings happiness in their lives. The meaning of the name Milo is: merciful. |
Discuss why the robots are given such names. (Classroom Activity)
3. Think of at least two robots you would like to invent to make lives of people easy. Give each an appropriate name and mention its possible functions.
No | Name of the robot | what would it do? |
1. | DocRob | This robot would work like a doctor. It would be able to examine a patient, diagnose and also prescribe medicines. In short, you need not go to a doctor. |
2. | FarmHelp | This robot would be of great help to our farmers. It would plough the field, sow seeds and also reap the harvest and collect it in bags. In short, it would do all the work a farmer has to do. |
Vocabulary
1. Circle the word which is an outsider in each set.
2. Replace the underlined words and make meaningful sentences with the help of words given in the box.
speciality, generous , salesmen , efficiently, bewilder
(1) Nisarg visited a shopping mall. He saw many persons who sell things in various sections of the mall.
Nisarg visited a shopping mall. He saw many salesmen in various sections of the mall.
(2) Khaleda is a brilliant student. She has a special quality in drawing.
Khaleda is a brilliant student. She has a speciality in drawing.
(3) If you want to perform the best, you will have to do your work effectively.
If you want to perform the best, you will have to do your work efficiently.
(4) We are confused very much.
We are bewildered.
(5) Mother Teresa was a kind woman.
Mother Teresa was a generous woman.
3. Match each word given in column A with its opposite given in column B.
A | B |
(i) beautiful | (a) inefficient |
(ii) cheap | (b) stressful |
(iii) interesting | (c) expensive |
(iv) relaxing | (d) right |
(v) wrong | (e) ugly |
(vi) efficient | (f) dear |
(g) boring | |
(h) dangerous |
Answer:
(i) beautiful x ugly
(ii) cheap x expensive
(iii) interesting x boring
(iv) relaxing x stressful
(v) wrong x right
(vi) efficient x inefficient
4. Number these sentences to show the order in which the events occurred.
[5] He pleaded guilty.
[4] He was charged with drinking and driving.
[6] He was fined and banned from driving for two years.
[2] He was stopped by the traffic police.
[1] He went on a long drive with his friend on his eighteenth birthday.
[3] They arrested him.
5. Complete the table with the words for act, actor and action. One is done for you.
Act | Actor | Action |
forgery | forger | forge |
murder | murderer | murder |
burglary | burglar | burgle |
blackmailing | blackmailer | blackmail |
kidnapping | kidnapper | kidnap |
smuggling | smuggler | smuggle |
Now use any two words from each column
in your own sentences.
(1) Ramu was charged with forgery.
(2) That man was arrested for blackmailing his boss.
(3) Is this man really a murderer ?
(4) The police has caught the burglar.
(5) Hamid has threatened to kidnap his neighbourās son.
(6) That woman has smuggled diamonds.
6. Write True or False. Correct, if false.
(1) If you are innocent, you do not plead guilty. – True
(2) If you park your car in a āparking areaā, you have to pay fine. – False
If you park your car in a āNo parking areaā, you have to pay fine.
(3) āTo arrestā means that the police will come
and take somebody away because they think that he/she is guilty. -True
(4) People who sell drugs are called stockists. – False
People who sell drugs are called druggists.
(5) A convict is a person who pleads for the accused. – False
A convict is a person who pleads guilty of a crime.
(6) If you kill, rob or threaten someone, it is called a crime.
7. Unscramble the letters in part A and match the word with the description.
8. Frame sentences using all the words. You may change the forms of the words if needed.
Example : manufacture – robot – efficient
We manufacture efficient robots for household work.
(1) design – work
The vacuum cleaners have been designed to make our work faster and cleaner.
(2) pause – breath – continue
The excited child was narrating a story, He then paused for a breath and then continued.
(3) assign – nod – deed
The boss has given a nod for the deed and assigned his secretary the remaining work.
(4) accuracy – excellent
Girish prepares accounts with an excellent accuracy.
(5) woman – generous
Parvati gave her ornaments to her brother. What a generous woman she is
9. Put the proper words at the proper places to make meaningful sentences.
(1) My friend met the landowner and the sale deed, (designed / assigned)
My friend met the landowner and assigned the sale deed.
(2) The secretary explained her boss the agenda of the meeting, (briefly / brief)
The secretary briefly explained her boss the agenda of the meeting.
(3) A red light on the Mayorās car was. (flashing / shining)
A red light on the Mayorās car was flashing.
(4) Peter was on bail and went to Rajasthan. (released / free)
Peter was released on bail and went to Rajasthan.
Comprehension
1. Make a list of activities work done by the robot on Prem Chopraās command. One is done for you.
Example: Collected groceries into the trolley
(1) Selected the best mangoes
(2) Paid at the cash counter
(3) Stole a necklace from Gopal Jewellers
(4) Stole expensive antiques, ornaments and precious stones
(4) Stole a bunch of expensive Afghani grapes
(5) Stole precious gems from Jhaveri Brothers
2. Tick mark the most appropriates option.
Question 1.
What kind of robots are not made by the s Super Robots Plaza ?
A. helping in homes
B. helping in business
C. helping in robbery
D. helping in personal activities
Answer:
C. helping in robbery
Question 2.
What will Ram Singh do, according to robotics ?
A. hurt people
B. injure himself
C. steal anything
D. follow the command
Answer:
D. follow the command
Question 3.
Prem Chopra was arrested because …
A. he had stolen things.
B. his robot had stolen things.
C. he had threatened the robot.
D. he was the owner of the robot.
Answer:
D. he was the owner of the robot.
Question 4.
Which of the following is not true ?
A. Ram Singh does not harm people.
B. Prem Chopra does not harm people.
C. Ram Singh follows his masterās command,
D. Prem Chopra threatens Ram Singh.
Answer:
B. Prem Chopra does not harm people.
3. Write Thatās great, Well done, Very bad /How bad, Oh! Itās a shame, Thatās wonderful, How surprising, Really amazing as responses to the sentences. One is done for you.
(1) The silver robot said, āWelcome to Super Robot Plaza, sir.ā- Really amazing.
(2) That metallic blue robot is perfectly programmed to carry out all kinds of house hold functions.- Thatās wonderful.
(3) It operates within the radius of a kilometre. –Thatās great.
(4) Ram Singh – 070 carried out his work with tremendous speed and accuracy. – Really amazing.
(5) The robot paid the bill at the cash counter. – Well done.
(6) Ram Singh-070 picked up a necklace and hid it in the storage unit. – Oh! Itās a shame.
(7) The computerized cameras capable of split second recording clicked Ram Singh in the act of stealing. – Well done.
(8) Prem Chopra refused all the allegations put on him. – Very bad.
(9) Robots will never cause harm to human beings. – Thatās great.
(10) Prem Chopra pleaded guilty. – Well done.
4. Read the text carefully and find out the sentences having similar meanings to these sentences.
Question 1.
There were a number of metallic, silver, electric blue and green robots in the right corner.
Answer:
The right corner appeared to be crowded with robots in metallic silver, electric blue and green.
Question 2.
Prem Chopra ordered the robot to buy two kg. of ripe, juicy mangoes from a huge pile.
Answer:
āTwo kilograms of mangoes-ripe and juicy,ā commanded Prem Chopra from a distance, seeing a huge pile of mangoes.
Question 3.
With the help of a remote control, Prem Chopra asked the robot to steal and hide a necklace.
Answer:
Quickly Prem Chopra disappeared around the corner and spoke into the remote control – softly and clearly. āPick up a necklace and hide.ā
Question 4.
The master warned the robot to defuse his system if he disclosed any facts.
Answer:
āNo noise. Information not to be revealed. Top secret. Otherwise I will defuse your system,ā he threatened.
Question 5.
Counsel Goel pleaded the court to summon Ram Singh-070 to the court.
Answer:
I request Ram Singh robot to be called in the court.
Question 6.
The court was full of people who were very eager to see a robot in the witness box.
Answer:
The next day, the court was overcrowded with people keen to watch a robot in the witness box.
Question 7.
Prem Chopra was confident that his servant would never break his faith in him.
Answer:
Never would this machine man betray his / master.
Question 8.
The robot always obeys the masters.
Answer:
āRobots do not disobey masters.ā
5. Rewrite the passage replacing the underlined words with those given in the brackets.
(in no time, paused, collected, commanded, heavy packets, called back, selected, groceries, thoroughly efficient, amusing servants, common sight, obedient worker)
In the market, robots carrying very big boxes, buying tickets, taking food items to the cars were a general scene, but still strange and wonderful helpers. Ram Singh-070 was very capable. With tremendous speed and accuracy, he gathered groceries into the shopping trolley and waited for the next command. āTwo kg. of mangoes-ripe and juicy,ā pleaded Prem Chopra from a distance, seeing a huge pile of mangoes. Very quickly Ram Singh-070 had sorted out the best ones.
Answer:
In the market, robots carrying heavy packets, buying tickets, taking groceries to the cars were a common sight, but still strange and amusing servants. Ram Singh-070 was thoroughly efficient. With tremendous speed and accuracy, he collected groceries into the shopping trolley and paused for the next command. āTwo kg. of mangoes – ripe and juicy,ā commanded Prem Chopra from a distance, seeing a huge pile of mangoes. In no time Ram Singh-070 had selected the best ones.
6. Answer these questions.
Question 1.
What kind of robots are made by Super Plaza ?
Answer:
Super Plaza makes robots for industry, construction companies, plumbing and cleaning, caretakers and for home.
Question 2.
Who greeted Prem Chopra at the hall ?
Answer:
A robot greeted Prem Chopra at the hall.
Question 3.
What did the salesman check before giving the robot to the customer ?
Answer:
The salesman checked the gait, grip, movement and some programmed functions of the robot.
Question 4.
Which principles governed Ram Singhās behaviour ?
Answer:
Ram Singhās behaviour was governed by three principles: the robot will obey his master, the robot will not harm humans and the robot will not take harm to self.
Question 5.
What instructions were given to the robot for picking up a necklace ?
Answer:
The instructions given to the robot for picking up a necklace were: Pick up a necklace and hide. No noise. Information not to be revealed. Top secret. Otherwise I will defuse your system.
Question 6.
What did Prem Chopra think after buying the robot ?
Answer:
After buying the robot, Prem Chopra thought that if his robot could shop for groceries, then why not for better things like jewels.
Question 7.
Why was Prem Chopra given bail ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was given bail till the court hearing because none of the stolen articles were recovered from him.
Question 8.
Why was Prem Chopra confident when Ram Singh was called to the court ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was confident when Ram Singh was called to the court because he would always obey his master.
Question 9.
What did Ram Singh do with himself at last ?
Answer:
At last Ram Singh broke apart rather than tell a lie, hurt humans or become unfaithful.
7. Write short notes.
Question 1.
Ram Singh-070-The Human Rofooi
Answer:
Ram Singh was a metallic blue robot. He was perfectly programmed to function in the household, cleaning, arranging, collecting groceries from the super market, tending the lawn, mailing letters, relating TV programmes, selecting news from the paper. He had an in-built system of three principles: the robot will obey his master, the robot will not harm humans; and the robot will not take harm to self.
Ram Singh-070 was thoroughly efficient, with tremendous speed and accuracy. He stole expensive antiques, ornaments and precious stones for Prem Chopra, his master. At last he was caught stealing precious gems. When he was produced in the court, Ram Singh chose to break apart rather than tell a lie, hurt human beings or become unfaithful.
Question 2.
Conflict of Ram Singh-070 with Itself
Answer:
Ram Singh had an in-built system of three principles: the robot will obey his master, the robot will not harm humans; and the robot will not take harm to self. When he was produced in the court, his master, Prem Chopra was confident that the robot would never disobey him. He had threatened Ram Singh that he would defuse him if he revealed any information about stolen goods. Thus Ram Singh was in conflict.
If he revealed the information, he would disobey his master. And if he did not, he would harm many other people. This conflict brought Ram Singhās end. He chose to break apart rather than tell a lie, hurt human beings or become unfaithful.
8. Reflect your views. (You may use your mother tongue.) (Classroom / Individual Activity)
(1) What would you have done if you were Ram Singh ?
(2) If you were Prem Chopra, would you have done the work Prem Chopra did ? What would you have done ?
(3) Suppose you are creating a robot. What kind of a robot will you create ?
(4) What would you do if…
A. you find a purse on the road ?
Answer:
I would open the purse and look for any visiting card or any other information (like phone number,address etc.) about the owner. If get it, I would call him/her up and return the purse to him/her. If there is no such information in the purse, I would deposit it in the nearest police station.
B. someone has stolen your shoes ?
Answer:
I would try to find my shoes. If I cannot find them, I would buy a new pair and go home.
Language Practice
Function: Exchanging Niceties
1. Read the conversations carefully. Select the appropriate intension of the speaker from the list given at the end of all conversation examples. Write down their numbers in the box against each conversation. One is done for you.
Conversation
A. Hirva: Hello, Iām Hirva Shashtri.
Kishor : Hi! My name is Nandkishor Mistry. But you can call me Kishor.
Hirva: Nice to meet you, Kishor. [12]
Kishor: Nice to meet you, too. Sorry, can you tell your last name again?[3]
Hirva : Shashtri… Hirva Shashtri.
B. A: Excuse me! Can you show me the way to the Post Office ? [13]
B: Ya…sure. Take the first right and then second left.
A: Thank you so much.
B : Youāre welcome. [9]
C. Rehan: How is your preparation for the exam today ?
Harsh: Maths exam is always tough for me.
Rehan : Best of luck! [2]
Harsh : Same to you. [2]
D. Nisha: Hey Parag, do you know that Sanaās grandmother passed away ?
Parag : Oh … when ? Sana has her internal exam today.
Nisha : Last night.
Parag : Oh, Iām so sorry for her. [6]
Nisha : Iām afraid she would miss her exam too. [7]
E. (Announcement at the railway station)
May I have your attention, please ? The train number 19334 Valsad – Ahmedabad [11]
Gujarat Queen Express which is scheduled to arrive at 4:55 is running late by 35 minutes. The inconvenience caused is deeply regretted. [4]
F. Soha : Hi, Tapan. How are you ?
Tapan : I am fine. How about you ?
Soha: I am fine, too. Thank you. By the way, [13] meet my cousin, Shivani.
Tapan: Hello Shivani, nice to meet you. Shivani: Nice to meet you too.
Tapan:Where are you from, Shivani? Shivani: Iām from Raipur.
Tapan : Sorry / Pardon ? [3]
Shivani: Raipur, Chhattisgarh.
Tapan: Oh, great. Shivani, do drop in at my home. We will have a cup of coffee together.
Shivani: Thatās so nice of you. Thank you.
Tapan: Have a nice stay in Bhavnagar. Bye!
G. [on a dinner table]
Vikas: What would you have, Gopa? Plain chapatti or chapatti with ghee ?
Gopa : Either, please! [10]
Vikas: Juhika, have you got enough gravy in Sabzi ?
Juhika :Yes, thatās fine, thanks. [10]
Vikas : Gopa, would you have another chapatti ?
Gopa : That would be great! [1]
Vikas : And Gopa, would you like some more sabzi ?
Gopa: No thanks. I have enough [14]
Vikas :What about you, Juhika ? Should I give you some more sabzi ?
Juhika: No, I am good. Thanks. [14]
Intentions of the speaker:
1. Accepts the offer happily.
2. Conveying good wishes.
3. Didnāt listen to what s/he said. Want to get something repeated.
4. Donāt like that it happened. Or sorry that someone will face trouble because of you.
5. Feels s/he is interrupting / disturbing someone,
6. Feels someoneās pain.
7. Feels that itās not good news for the listener.
8. Greets wishes someone.
9. Happy to help.
10. S/He is okay with anything.
11. Wants all to listen carefully. Something important is to be said.
12. Wants to greet someone on meeting for the first time.
13. Wants to open a new topic or add information.
14. Wants to say āNoā politely.
2. Replace the intentions of the speaker
(mentioned in the brackets) with appropriate
expressions to complete the conversations.
(1) A : (Interrupting someone) Excuse me, where can I meet the principal of the school ?
B: She must be in her office on the first floor.
A: (Wants to express gratitude for giving information) Thank you.
(2) A : Hey friends, letās go for dinner somewhere tonight.
B: (Likes the idea. Excited to go). That would be great!
A: (Wants to open a new topic) By the way, what happened in Pro Kabaddi today ?
B: No idea. I couldnāt watch the match.
(3) A : Do you have any choice in hot drinks ?
B: I donāt know what they serve.
A: Most probably only two popular choices would be available.
B: In that case (can have anything) either will do.
(4) A : Hi, howās life ? Long time no see ?
B: Actually, I am busy preparing for the final exams.
A: (Wants to open a new topic / subject) By the way, meet my guest, Manav.
B: (Greets the guest on first meeting) Hi,
Manav. Nice to meet you.
(5) A : These laddus are delicious.
B : Have one more then.
A: (Wants to say ānoā politely). Oh, no. I have enough.
3. Read the situations and match them with appropriate expressions given in A. You may have to use an expression more than once.
A
1. Nice to meet you
2. Excuse me
3. Iām so sorry.
4. Iām afraid
5. Deeply regretted
6. By the way
7. Sorry/Pardon
8. Have a nice stay
9. Either, please
10. Thatās fine
11. That would be great!
12. I have got enough
13. No, I am good.
Answer:
Situations —- No. of the expression from A
a. Your friend introduces you to her cousin. You shake hands with him / her. a – 1.
b. You are in a town for the first time and want to ask a stranger how to reach the destination.
b- 2.
c. Your friendās grandfather has died and you are meeting him the first time after that. c – 3.
d. You have lost a friendās book. You looked for it but couldnāt find it.He asks if you have found the book. You want to say no. d – 4.
e. Your friend wanted some help but you couldnāt. e – 5.
f. You want to change or introduce a topic. f – 6.
g. Someone is telling something to you. You couldnāt understand it properly and want it to be repeated. g – 7.
h. You want to wish someone to enjoy the new place. h – 8.
i. You do not have a particular choice. i -9.
j. You donāt want anything more. You have enough. j – 10.
k. Someone has offered you something and you actually want it. k – 11.
l. You donāt need it. You already have it. l – 12.
m. I have it. I donāt want more. m -13.
n. You step on someoneās foot unknowingly. n – 3.
o. You are at a dining table. You have finished the dinner. You want to stand up and leave. o – 2.
4. Complete the conversations choosing the right expression from the brackets.
(1) A: Hi, I am Firoz.
B: Nice to meet you, Firoz. (Excuse me/Nice to meet you)
(2) A : Hi, How are you ?
B : I am good. You tell me.
A : I am good too. By the way, what are you doing in the evening? (Excuse me/By the way)
B : Nothing special.
(3) A : Have some more Halwa.
B: I have got enough. (I have got enough /No, I am good)
(4) Iām afraid, I am in a hurry to reach home. You please carry on with the dinner.
I will take your leave. (Excuse me /Iām afraid)
(5) A: Hello, I am going out to get something to drink. What would you like to have – something hot or cold?
B: Either, please. Thatās so nice of you. (Thank you so much/Either, please)
(6) Mohit: Aditya, I am going out to get some snacks. Do you want anything ?
Aditya : Iām afraid I am not hungry. (Thank you /Iām afraid)
Mohit: In that case, can I get you something to drink ?
Aditya: That would be great! (That would be great/Iāve got enough)
(7) A :Your First name ?
B : Meera.
A: Age ?
B : 21
A : Sorry ? (Pardon/Sorry)
B : 21
(8) I regret I was not able to help. I should have taken your call more seriously.
(Iām afraid/I regret)
5. Think of a situation where you can use all the expressions given in A, B, C and D. Write down a dialogue and enact it in the class.
A | B | C | D |
Nice to meet you. | Iām afraid | Thank you. | That would be great! |
Excuse me. | Iām so sorry for that. | Have a nice time. | I have got enough. |
By the way. | Thanks for your concern. | How do you do ? | No, I am good. |
(Nirav and Abha are classmates. They meet at a function in their school. Niravās cousin Jay has come to see the school.)
Nirav : Hi, Abha! How are you ?
Abha: Hi, Nirav! I am fine. Thank you. How are you ?
Nirav : Oh, not fine, really.
Abha :Why ? What happened ?
Nirav: I could not qualify for the tennis tournament because of a sprain in my leg.
Abha: Oh, no! I am so sorry for that. Did you see a doctor ? What does he say ?
Nirav :Yes, I did. He says I will have to miss the tournament this year.
Abha : Iām afraid he is right. Sportsmen like you must take care of your fitness. Everything will be fine soon.
Nirav: I hope so. Thanks for your concern. By the way, meet my cousin Jay.
Abha: Hi, Jay! I am Abha. How do you do ?
Jay: Hi, Abha! I am fine. Nice to meet you.
Abha: Nice to meet you, too, Jay.
Nirav : (Interrupting) Excuse me, Abha and Jay. I will just meet my coach and come back.
Abha: Sure. Donāt worry about Jay. I will give s him good company.
Nirav :Yes, I know. Thanks.
(Nirav leaves to meet his coach. Abha and Jay are talking to each other.)
Abha: Jay, would you like to have some refreshments ?
Jay : Sure. That would be great!
Abha : Ok, then. Letās go.
(Abha and Jay are talking while having refreshments.)
Abha: Jay, would you like to have some more cake ?
Jay: No, I am good. Would you like me to bring some ice-cream for you ?
Abha: Oh, no. I have got enough. Thank you.
(Just then Nirav joins them for refreshments. The three friends enjoy chatting with one another.)
Abha: Nirav, I must go home. I am getting late.
Nirav: Ok. Carry on. I will show our school to Jay. We will also wait for the prize distribution.
Abha :Yes. Bye, Jay. Bye, Nirav. Have a nice time! Nirav and Jay : Bye, Abha.
Writing
Question 1.
Write a paragraph on āMy Dream ? Robotā āMy Dear Robbuā.You may use these points.
(name – appearance – skills – use – as a friend – facility – my comfort – special qualities – my ? pride)
Answer:
My Dream Robot
I have always been interested in technology. Technology has made our lives so simple and so easy! I often think of a robot that would help me with all my work. My dream robot! I would name him Mitra – a friend. Mitra would be of metallic blue colour.
He would have arms that could stretch for a long distance – at least two feet. Mitra would be programmed to do all the household work – dusting, sweeping, cooking, washing clothes, ironing, repairing electrical and electronic appliances, etc. In short, Mitra would be my best friend. I would not have to depend on any outsider for any work, Mitra would also do my homework and check it as well.
He would help with all my subjects. He would be able to solve all my difficulties, too. My dream robot Mitra would also play my favourite games with me. He would take care of all my needs and comfort. But one special quality Mitra would have is – emotions and feelings. He would not just be a machine, but a machine with a āheartā! Mitra would be my pride.
Question 2.
Observe any one of these machines while it is working. Then write a paragraph in about 75 words on how it works.
Names of the machines : washing machine, grinder machine, roti-maker, etc.(Project Work)
Question 3
Read the information and write a short paragraph on: Aryabhatta, Indiaās First Experimental Satellite.
Answer:
Launch date : April 19, 1975
Weight : 360 kg
Built by : Indian Space Research Organization [ISRO]
Launched by : Soviet Inter-Cosmos Rocket
- Named after the 5th century astronomer and mathematician, Aryabhatt
- Was named by the first woman Prime Minister of India, Smt. Indira Gandhi
- Reentered the earthās atmosphere after 17 years
- Image on Indian 2 rupee currency notes printed between 1976 and 1977
- Ā Cost more than 3 crore
Objectives :
- To design and make a space worthy satellite system
- To establish infrastructure for the fabrication of space-craft system
- To set up ground-based receiving, transmitting and tracking systems
- To conduct investigations in the area of space sciences
- To broadcast weather report
- To set up stations required to communicate
Answer:
Aryabhatta was Indiaās First
Experimental Satellite. It was built by Indian Space Research Organization [ISRO], It weighed 360 kg and it cost more than 3 crore. It was launched by Soviet Inter-Cosmos Rocket on April 19, 1975.
Aryabhatta was named after the 5th century astronomer and mathematician, Aryabhatta. This name was given by the then Prime Minister of India, Smt. Indira Gandhi. The satellite reentered the earthās atmosphere after 17 years. The image of this satellite was printed on the 2 rupee currency notes printed between 1976 and 1977.
The main objectives in launching this satellite were to design and make a space worthy satellite system and to establish infrastructure for the fabrication of spacecraft system. The satellite was used to set up ground-based receiving, transmitting and tracking systems. It conducted many investigations in the area of space sciences. It was also used to broadcast weather report, which was very useful for farmers. Aryabhatta was used to set up stations required to communicate.
Exam-Oriented Study Material
1. Read the extracts and answer the questions.
(1) āMay I help you, sir ?ā grinned the short, narrow-eyed salesman inside the Super j; Robots Plaza. āWell … er,ā Prem Chopra responded, āI wish to purchase a robot…ā āFor help, sir,ā completed the salesman. āThat is our speciality. We manufacture efficient robots for industry, construction companies, plumbing and cleaning, caretakers – they are designed for only specialized work. Our best ones are for consumers like you – for the home,ā he spoke like a recorded programme. āEr … yes, thatās what I want.ā Prem ? Chopra spoke in a business-like fashion.
Question 1.
What kind of robots are made by Super Robots Plaza ?
Answer:
Super Robots Plaza makes robots for industry, construction companies, plumbing and cleaning, caretakers and for home.
Question 2.
For what are the best robots made?
Answer:
The best robots are made for home.
Question 3.
Who greeted Prem Chopra?
Answer:
A short narrow-eyed salesman greeted Prem Chopra.
(2) āPlease come this way.ā The salesman led him through a brightly-lit, richly-carpeted gallery into a huge dome-shaped hall glowing with fluorescent light. The right corner appeared to be crowded with robots in metallic silver, electric blue and green.
Some were moving about as if practising to walk while some stood still – switched out of operation. Just as Prem Chopra stepped on the threshold of the hall, one of the robots swiftly came forward. āGood day, sir, welcome to Super Robots Plaza. We hope your visit here proves worthwhile,ā the silver robot said in a metallic voice. āBrilliant,ā mumbled Prem Chopra, somewhat bewildered.
Question 1.
What did Prem Chopra see in the right corner of the hall ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra saw robots in metallic silver, electric blue and green in the right corner of the hall.
Question 2.
Who greeted Prem Chopra?
Answer:
A silver robot greeted Prem Chopra.
Question 3.
What were the robots doing ?
Answer:
Some robots were moving about as if practising to walk while some stood still – switched out of operation.
Question 4.
What was Prem Chopraās reaction when he was greeted by a robot ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was bewildered when he was greeted by a robot.
(3) The salesman gave a proud smile as he headed towards an isolated robot in metallic blue. āThis one is perfectly programmed to function in the household, cleaning, arranging, collecting groceries from the super market, tending the lawn, mailing letters, relating your programmes on the TV and selecting news of your interest from the paper.ā
The salesman paused for breath and continued, āAll you need is the remote control monitor for command.ā āYou mean sitting at home I can command the robot in the city market ?ā asked Prem Chopra. āIt operates within a limited radius of a kilometre. By the way, this one is called Ram Singh-070,ā the salesman explained.
Question 1.
For what was the metallic blue programmed ?
Answer:
The metallic blue robot was programmed to do household work like cleaning, arranging, collecting groceries from the supermarket, tending the lawn, mailing letters, relating TV programmes and selecting news of interest from the paper.
Question 2.
What was needed to command the robot ?
Answer:
A remote control monitor was needed to command the robot.
Question 3.
What was the name of the robot ?
Answer:
The name of the robot was Ram Singh – 070.
Question 4.
The robot operates….
Answer:
The robot operates within a limited radius of a kilometre.
(4) Prem Chopra nodded. The salesman demonstrated the gait, grip, movement and some programmed functions. Everything was well-tuned and fixed, Prem Chopra seemed satisfied with the deal. āI must tell you, like all robots, and adhering to the discipline of robotics, Ram Singh has an in-built system of three principles : the robot will obey his master, the robot will not harm humans; and the robot will not take harm to self.ā Prem Chopra heard the first principle and it impressed him. He did not take notice of the other two. He nodded delightedly and assigned the sale deed and contract of āno misuse of the robotā. He had now got a servant and an accomplice.
Question 1.
What did the salesman demonstrate ?
OR
What did the salesman check before giving the robot ?
Answer:
The salesman demonstrated the gait, grip, movement and some programmed functions of the robot.
Question 2.
Why was Prem Chopra seemed satisfied with the deal ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra seemed satisfied with ? the deal because everything in the robot was well-tuned and fixed.
Question 3.
Which are the three principles of s robotics ?
OR
Which principles govern Ram Singh ? – 070ās behaviour ?
Answer:
The three principles of robotics are : the robot will obey his master, the robot will not harm humans; and the robot will not take harm to self.
Question 4.
By which principle was Prem Chopra impressed ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was impressed by the principle that the robot will obey his master.
Question 5.
Prem Chopra assigned ….
Answer:
Prem Chopra assigned the sale deed and contract of āno misuse of the robot.
Question 6.
After buying the robot, Prem Chopra had now got….
Answer:
After buying the robot, Prem Chopra had now got a servant and an accomplice.
(5) āIf Ram Singh-070, my robot, can shop for groceries, then why not for better things like jewels ?ā thought Prem Chopra. In the market, robots carrying heavy packets, buying theatre tickets, carrying groceries to the cars were a common sight but still strange and amusing servants. Ram Singh – 070 was thoroughly efficient.
With tremendous speed and accuracy, he collected the groceries into the shopping trolley and paused for the next command. āTwo kilograms of mangoes – ripe and juicy,ā commanded Prem Chopra from a distance, seeing a huge pile of mangoes. In no time Ram Singh-070 had selected the best ones.
Question 1.
What did Prem Chopra think after buying the robot?
Answer:
After buying the robot, Prem Chopra thought that if the robot could shop for groceries, then why not for better things like jewels.
Question 2.
What shows that Ram Singh-070 was. very efficient ?
Answer:
Ram Singh-070 was efficient because he collected groceries and selected the best mangoes with great speed and accuracy.
Question 3.
What was a common sight in the market ?
Answer:
Robots carrying heavy packets, buying theatre tickets and carrying groceries to the cars were a common sight in the market.
Question 4.
Robots were servants.
Answer:
Robots were strange and amusing ( servants).
(6) Ram Singh – 070 followed Prem Chopra like a faithful dog when he stopped at Gopal Jewellers. Through the glass window he saw a generous display of gold ornaments. Quickly Prem Chopra disappeared around the corner and spoke ? into the remote control – softly and clearly. āPick up a necklace and hide. No noise, Information not to be revealed.
Top secret. Otherwise I will defuse your system,ā he threatened. Ram Singh-070 moved inside the shop, close to the counter. His metallic palm extended forward silently and a necklace went into the storage unit s without a clink or a jingle. Nobody took notice.
Question 1.
From where did Prem Chopra steal ornaments ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra stole ornaments from Gopal Jewellers.
Question 2.
Which instruction were given to the robot to pick up the necklace ?
Answer:
The robot was instructed to pick up the necklace and hide it without making noise and not to reveal the information.
Question 3.
What did Prem Chopra warn the robot ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra warned the robot that 5 if he revealed the information of theft, he would defuse his (robotās) system.
Question 4.
How did Ram Singh – 070 steal the necklace ?
Answer:
Ram Singh extended his metallic palm, picked up the necklace and s hid it into his storage unit without any noise.
(7) From expensive antiques to ornaments and precious stones, the shop-lifting went on for some days without any trace of anxiety and recognition in the beginning. But the confused reactions of ( shop-owners gradually became louder.
Unaware, Prem Chopra went on with ? his shop-lifting spree until a young fruit vendor noticed an expensive bunch of Afghani grapes disappearing inside the metallic blue robot.
The incident was related all over and no sooner had they heard than some shop-keepers recalled the presence of a metallic blue robot in their shops before their valuables were missing. This information reached the police headquarters in no time.
Question 1.
What things did Prem Chopra steal ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra stole expensive antiques, ornaments and precious stones.
Question 2.
What did a fruit vendor notice?
Answer:
A fruit vendor noticed an expensive bunch of Afghani grapes disappearing inside the metallic blue robot.
Question 3.
The ……… of the shop-owners gradually became louder.
Answer:
The confused reactions of the shop- owners gradually became louder.
Question 4.
What did some shopkeepers recall ?
Answer:
Some shopkeepers recalled the presence of a metallic blue robot in their shops before their valuables were missing.
(8) One day Prem Chopra guided Ram Singh – 070 to Jhaveri Brothers for lifting precious gems. The police was waiting in readiness and the computerized cameras capable of split second recording, clicked him in the act. Ram Singh robot was caught, but Prem Chopra fled as soon as he saw, through the binoculars, two persons noting down Ram Singhās licence number printed on his metallic neck. Prem Chopra was arrested from his. home, as owner of Ram Singh-070 the thief.
Question 1.
Where did Prem Chopra guide Ram Singh – 070 ? For what ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra guided Ram Singh-070 to Jhaveri Brothers to steal precious gems.
Question 2.
How was Ram Singh-070 caught?
Answer:
Ram Singh-070 was caught stealing in the computerized cameras set up by the police.
Question 3.
Why did Prem Chopra flee ?
Answer:
When Prem Chopra saw that Ram Singh-070 was caught stealing and two persons were noting down his licence number printed on his , metallic neck, he fled from there.
Question 4.
Why was Prem Chopra arrested?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was arrested because he was the owner of Ram Singh-070, the thief.
Question 5.
From where was Prem Chopra arrested ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was arrested from his house.
(9) Soon after his arrest, Prem Chopra was released on bail until the court hearing. None of the stolen articles were recovered. He had cleverly disposed them off through his gang. In the court he denied all the charges. āSomeone else seems to have tampered with Ram Singh – 070ās programs. The police found me at home,ā he argued.
Question 1.
What happened after Prem Chopra was arrested ?
Answer:
After Prem Chopra was arrested, he was released on bail until the court hearing.
Question 2.
What did Prem Chopra say in the court ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra denied all the charges in the court.
Question 3.
Were the stolen articles recovered? Why?
Answer:
The stolen articles were not recovered because Prem Chopra had disposed them off through his gang.
Question 4.
What did Prem Chopra argue in the court ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra argued that someone must have tampered with the robotās programs and that the police had found him at home.
Question 5.
Why was Prem Chopra given bail ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was given bail till the court hearing because none of the stolen articles were recovered from him.
(10) Counsel Goel cleared his throat and reached closer to the judge. āConsidering Mr Chopraās explanation and the happenings of the last few days when so many jewellers and curio dealers have been affected, it seems important to know the working of Ram Singh robot. I request Ram Singh robot to be called in the court.ā āRobot goes to courtā were the headlines in the next dayās papers.
Question 1.
The headlines in the papers were
Answer:
The headlines in the papers were Robot goes to court.
Question 2.
What did Counsel Goel request the judge ?
Answer:
Counsel Goel requested the judge to call the robot in the court.
Question 3.
Why was it important to know the working of the robot ?
Answer:
It was important to know the working of the robot because Counsel Goel was not satisfied with Prem Chopraās explanation.
(11) The next day, the court was overcrowded with people keen to watch a robot in the witness box. Counsel Goel was ticking off points till the last moment. He appeared confident and crisp but so was Prem Chopra. Never would this machine man betray his master. The proceedings began and Ram Singh-070 appeared in the witness box.
Question 1.
Why was the court overcrowded with people ?
Answer:
The court was overcrowded with people because they were keen to- watch a robot in the witness box.
Question 2.
Counsel Goel appeared
Answer:
Counsel Goel appeared confident and crisp.
Question 3.
Why was Prem Chopra confident ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was confident because he knew that the robot would never betray his master.
(12) āYour honour,ā counsel Goel began, āI am told by Super Robots that the memory tape designed in these types of robots contains information of the previous week.ā āBut the case started a fortnight after the incident; the needed information must be wiped out,ā the judge said. Counsel Goel smiled softly staring at Prem Chopra. āSir, the robot has been switched out of operation ever since.ā Prem Chopraās face fell but he was confident Ram Singh-070 would obey his master. The secrets were sealed.
Question 1.
Why did the judge feel that the needed information must have been wiped out ?
Answer:
The judge felt that the needed information must have been wiped out because the memory tape contains information of the previous week and the case had started a fortnight
after the incident.
Question 2.
Why was Counsel Goel sure that the information was not wiped out ?
Answer:
Counsel Goel was sure that the information was not wiped out because the robot had been switched out of operation since the incident.
Question 3.
Why was Prem Chopra confident ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra was confident because he knew that Ram Singh – 070 would obey his master and so the secrets were sealed.
(13) Counsel Goel turned to Ram Singh robot. āWho is your master ?ā he asked briefly. A dull blue light flashed and after a momentary whirring sound, the robot squeaked in his metallic tone, āMr Prem Chopra.ā āWhat did you do for Mr Prem Chopra ?ā A pause, a whir, then a metallic answer, āCleaning, mowing the lawn, washing, doing dishes, shopping…ā āRecall in detail your activities of last six days,ā counsel Goel interrupted.
Question 1.
What did Counsel Goel ask the robot to do ?
Answer:
Counsel Goel asked the robot to recall his activities of the last six days.
Question 2.
What did Counsel Goel ask the robot ?
Answer:
Counsel Goel asked the robot who his master was and what he did for him.
(14) Counsel Goel stopped the tape. āNotice the pause, Your Honour. Some action is not revealed. What were those instructions ? Who gave these instructions ?ā he questioned Ram Singh-070.
āInformation not to be revealed,ā he responded.
āBut why?ā
āRobots do not disobey masters.ā
āSeveral people who have suffered losses will be harmed if these instructions are not reported. What were those instructions ?ā counsel Goel persuaded.
āRobots do not harm people,ā Ram Singh-070 responded mechanically.
Question 1.
Why did Counsel Goel ask the judge to notice the pause ?
Answer:
Counsel Goel asked the judge to notice the pause because that meant that some action and instructions were not revealed.
Question 2.
Why did the robot not reveal the information ?
Answer:
The robot did not reveal the information because robots do not disobey their masters.
Question 3.
Why did Counsel Goel persuade the robot to reveal the information?
Answer:
Counsel Goel persuaded the robot to reveal the information because many people who had suffered losses would be harmed if the instructions were not reported.
Question 4.
Ram Singh-070 responded mechanically.
Answer:
āRobots do not harm people,ā Ram Singh-070 responded mechanically.
(15) āMany, many people have suffered. Speak up, Ram Singh – 070,ā Counsel Goel stressed each word. āNo, Ram Singh,ā Prem Chopra shouted nervously but the judge warned, āKeep quiet.ā
āCome on Ram Singh – 070,ā the ;judge said. Ram Singh-070 jerked his head left, then right towards the judge.
A clicking sound indicated the s hampering of running tapes and jamming of caution signals pip-pip, pip-pip. The crackling sound and the indigo light intensified. A red light flashed on the forehead of Ram Singh robot signaling āDanger. Reporting system failed.ā Tiny ; shutters in the centre of his chest opened displaying a small TV screen flashing, āSYSTEM DISINTIGRATED.ā Ram Singh robot had defused.
Question 1.
Why did Prem Chopra shout nervously ?
Answer:
Prem Chopra shouted nervously because Counsel Goel asked the robot to speak the truth as many people had suffered.
Question 2.
A clicking sound indicated….
Answer:
A clicking sound indicated the hampering of running tapes.
Question 3.
What did the red light flashing on the robotās forehead signal?
Answer:
The red light flashing on the robotās forehead signalled a system failure.
Question 4.
What message was flashed on the screen ?
Answer:
The message flashed on the screen was System Disintegrated.
Question 5.
What happened to the robot ?
Answer:
The robot had defused.
(16) āOh, no,ā cried the salesman of Super Robots. āHe is defused, he is dead.ā There was a hush in the court room. Silence prevailed for long in the court room. The counsel cleared his throat and said, āRobots do not cause harm s to people and neither can they disobey ; their masters. Those instructions from Mr Prem Chopra were not to be revealed.
They could have been injurious to his own existence a threat to the robotās life. If he revealed them, he would disobey his master; if he did not, he would harm I others. This conflict brought Ram Singhās ( end. He chose to break apart rather than to telling a lie, hurting human beings or becoming unfaithful.ā Traces of pain and depression marked the counselās face.The judge pondered for a while and proclaimed, āThe court declares Prem Chopra guilty of theft!ā
Question 1.
Why was there a hush in the court room ?
Answer:
There was hush in the court room because the robot had defused-he was dead.
Question 2.
What did Ram Singh do with himself at last ?
Answer:
At last Ram Singh broke apart rather than tell a lie, hurt humans or become unfaithful.
Question 3.
If the robot had revealed the instructions
Answer:
If the robot had revealed the information, he would disobey his master.
Question 4.
If the robot did not reveal the instructions
Answer:
If the robot did not reveal the information, he would harm others.
Question 5.
What was Ram Singh-070ās conflict?
Answer:
Ram Singh -070ās conflict was that if he revealed the instructions, he would disobey his master and if he did not, he would harm others.
Question 6.
What did the judge proclaim?
Answer:
The judge proclaimed that Prem Chopra was guilty of theft.
Question 7.
What was the counselās reaction when the robot was diffused ?
Answer:
When the robot was defused, the counsel was pained and depressed.
Question 8.
If the robot revealed the instructions, it would have been injurious….
Answer:
If the robot revealed the instructions, it would have been injurious to his own existence a threat to the robotās life.
2. Frame sentences using the given set of words. You may change the forms of the words.
(1) step on – threshold
Just when Mr Das stepped on the threshold of his house, his phone rang.
(2) pause – breath – continue
Mohan was so excited that he did not even pause for a breath and continued 5 his story.
(3) come forward – welcome – guest
The teacher asked Rucha to come forward and welcome the guest.
(4) design – work
There are robots that are designed to work in homes and industries.
(5) adhere to – principles
All the employees must adhere to the principles of the company.
3. Fill in the blanks selecting the correct words from the brackets.
(1) (responded, paused, explaining, continued)
The teacher was explaining the meaning of the poem. She paused for some time and asked the children if they had understood the poem. The children responded with a loud āyesā. The teacher continued with her explanation.
(2) (charges, accomplice, guilty, denied)
Ramu was Kaluās accomplice in a theft. When he was caught by the police, he denied all the charges. He said that he was not guilty.
(3) (persuading, confident, obeys, principle)
Mohan is confident that he will succeed in persuading his father to allow him to go for the picnic. His father is a man of principle and Mohan always obeys him.
(4) (confused, purchased, expensive, select)
Gita was so confused that she could not ? choose a single dress for herself. Her mother helped her to select a pretty dress, which was quite expensive. But she purchased it at last.
(5) (proud, impressed, silently, discipline)
The teacher was impressed with the discipline of the students. All of them were sitting silently and studying. She was proud of her students.
(6) (satisfied, obvious, threat, anxiety)
There are many parents who are never satisfied with their childrenās performance. Hence it is obvious that many children suffer from anxiety and depression. Today, stress is a big threat to the health of children.
(7) (operates, accuracy, manufactured, designed)
This robot is manufactured in India. It operates within a limited radius of 1 kilometre. It is designed to do all household work. It works with great speed and accuracy.
(8) (brilliant, tremendous, efficient, demonstrated)
Harsh is an efficient employee. He is a brilliant young man. He has often demonstrated his skills. He is a man with tremendous confidence.
(9) (recall, interrupted, information, mumbled)
āI do not recall meeting this man,ā he mumbled. The master interrupted him and asked him to reveal all the information.
(10) (collected, warned, instructions, swiftly)
The teacher read out all the instructions to the students. She warned them not to copy during the test. When the bell rang, she collected all the answer sheets swiftly.
(11) (proclaimed, release, arrested, pondered)
The guards arrested a poor man and presented him before the king. The man requested the king to release him. The king pondered for some time and then proclaimed that poor man should be set free.
(12) (reveal, affect, grinned, threatened)
Pathik threatened his brother, āIf you reveal our secret, I will hammer you.ā The brother grinned and said, āYour threats will not affect me.ā
(13) (amusing, reaction, clearly, briefly)
Mulla Nasruddin was narrating an amusing incident to his friend. He paused briefly and waited for a reaction from his friend. The Mulla could clearly see that the friend had not understood anything.
(14) (unaware, lifted, flee, nervously)
The little boy looked around nervously. He then lifted a jar of chocolates. He was unaware of the cameras installed in the shop. He was about to flee when he was caught by the shopkeeper.
(15) (tampered, reported, stressed, function)
All the newspapers have reported that the voting machines cannot be tampered with. They function perfectly. The Election Commission also has stressed on this fact.
(16) (readiness, cautioned, guide, intensify)
The coach will judge the readiness of the players and also guide them regarding the final match. He advised the players to intensify their attack on the rival team. āBut do not cheat,ā he cautioned them.
4. Write short notes using the given questions/ points.
Question 1.
Ram Singh-070-The Human Robot
(What was the colour of the robot ? – What could he do ? – Which were the three principles that were inbuilt in his system ? – Was he thoroughly efficient ? How ? – What did he steal for Prem Chopra?-When was he caught?-What happened in the end ?)
Answer:
Ram Singh was a metallic blue robot. He was perfectly programmed to function in the household, cleaning, arranging, collecting groceries from the super market, tending the lawn, mailing letters, relating TV programmes, selecting news from the paper. He had an in-built system of three principles the robot will obey his master, the robot will not harm humans; and the robot will not take harm to self.
Ram Singh-070 was thoroughly efficient, with tremendous speed and accuracy. He stole expensive antiques, ornaments and precious stones for Prem Chopra, his master. At last he was caught stealing precious gems. When he was produced in the court, Ram Singh chose to break apart rather than tell a lie, hurt human beings or become unfaithful.
Question 2.
Conflict of Ram Singh – 070 with Itself
(in-built system of three principles -produced in court-Prem Chopra had threatened to defuse him – could not disobey his master – conflict – if he revealed the information – disobey his master – if he did not reveal the information – harm people-break apart than tell a lie)
Answer:
Ram Singh had an in-built system of three principles : the robot will obey his master, the robot will not harm humans; and the robot will not take harm to self. When he was produced in the court, his master, Prem Chopra was confident that the robot would never disobey him.
He had threatened Ram Singh that he would defuse him if he revealed any information about stolen goods. Thus Ram Singh was in conflict. If he revealed the information, he would disobey his master. And if he did not, he would harm many other people. This conflict brought Ram Singhās end. He chose to break apart rather than tell a lie, hurt human beings or become unfaithful,
Question 3.
Ram Singh – 070-The Thief
(How did he steal a necklace from Gopal Jewellers ? – What did Prem Chopra warn him ?-What other things did he steal ? – What did he steal from the fruit- seller -Was he caught ?-Why did he go to Jhaveri Brothers ?-How was he caught?)
Answer:
Ram Singh-070 was owned by Prem Chopra. Prem Chopra used him to steal many things. When they went to Gopal Jewellers, Prem Chopra instructed Ram Singh – 070 to pick up a necklace quietly. He warned the robot that if he revealed the information, he would be diffused. Ram Singh-070 picked up a necklace with his metallic palm and put it into his storage unit.
There was not a clink or a jingle. No one noticed it. Besides this, Ram Singh – 070 stole expensive antiques, ornaments and precious stones. One day, Ram Singh-070 stole a bunch of expensive Afghani grapes, but he was seen by the fruit-seller.
One day, Prem Chopra instructed Ram Singh-070 to steal precious gems from Jhaveri Brothers. But the police, who was waiting with computerized cameras, caught him stealing the gems.
5. Select the title of the Read related with each sentence.
(Note : Important sentences of this Read are given here.)
(1) Our best ones are for consumers like you-for the home,
(2) The salesman led him through a brightly-lit, richly-carpeted gallery into a huge dome-shaped hall glowing with fluorescent light.
(3) This one is perfectly programmed to function in the household,
(4) It operates within a limited radius of a kilometre.
(5) The salesman demonstrated the gait, grip, movement and some programmed functions.
(6) He nodded delightedly and assigned the sale deed and contract of āno misuse of the robotā.
(7) With tremendous speed and accuracy, he collected the groceries into the shopping trolley and paused for the next command.
(8) No noise. Information not to be revealed. Top secret. Otherwise I will defuse your system,
(9) The confused reactions of shop-owners gradually became louder.
(10) The police was waiting in readiness and the computerized cameras capable of split second recording, clicked him in the act.
(11) He had cleverly disposed them of through his gang.
(12) In the court he denied all the charges.
(13) Never would this machine man betray his master.
(14) The next day, the court was overcrowded with people keen to watch a robot in the witness box.
(15) Several people who have suffered losses will be harmed if these instructions are not reported.
(16) He is defused, he is dead.
(17) If he revealed them, he would disobey his master
(18) If he did not, he would harm others.
(19) He chose to break apart rather than telling a lie, hurting human beings or becoming unfaithful.
6. Complete the sentences using the functions given in the brackets.
(1) My school is near the post office. (specifying location)
(2) You have a test tomorrow. Best of luck! (exchanging pleasantries)
(3) Excuse me, Shilpa. But I must leave now. (exchanging pleasantries)
(4) I heard about your accident. I am so sorry, (exchanging pleasantries)
(5) Would you like to have some more tea ? No, thank you. (exchanging pleasantries)
(6) The manager will come at 10 oāclock. (specifying time)
7. Complete the dialogue using the functions given in the brackets.
Jay : Hi, Manish ! How are you ?
Manish: I am fine. Thank you. (exchanging pleasantries)
Jay: Manish, meet my cousin Gaurav.
Manish: Hi, Gaurav! Nice to meet you. (exchanging pleasantries)
The Human Robot Summary in Gujarati
ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ તમનૠમદદ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ, ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ¬?ā ąŖøą«ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖø ąŖŖą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ ąŖ ą«ąŖąŖąŖ£ąŖ¾, ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖąŖąŖąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ³ąŖ¾ ąŖøą«ąŖąŖ®ą« ąŖØą« ąŖøąŖøą«ąŖ®ąŖæąŖ¤ ąŖŖą«ąŖą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ. હા … ąŖ¹ą«,ā ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆą«, āąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖąŖ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ¦ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖąŖą«ąŖąŖ¾ ąŖą«…ā āąŖ®ąŖ¦ąŖ¦ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą«, ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ¬,” ąŖøą«ąŖąŖ®ą« ąŖØą« ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖÆ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ. āąŖ¤ą« ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą«ąŖ ąŖµąŖæąŖ¶ąŖæąŖ·ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ¦ąŖØ ąŖą«. ąŖ ąŖ®ą« ąŖąŖ¦ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖą«, ąŖ¬ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ§ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ® ąŖąŖąŖŖąŖØą«ąŖ, ąŖŖą«ąŖ²ąŖ®ąŖæąŖąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖøąŖ«ąŖ¾ąŖ, ąŖøąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖ³ ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆąŖą«ąŖ·ąŖ® ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖøąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ¦ąŖØ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ – ąŖ«ąŖą«ąŖ¤ ąŖµąŖæąŖ¶ąŖæąŖ·ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ® ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖØą« ąŖ°ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ°ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą« ąŖą«. ઠમારા ąŖ¶ą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ·ą«ąŖ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖø ąŖąŖ° ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« – તમારા ąŖą«ąŖµąŖ¾ ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ¹ąŖą« ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖą«,” ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖ°ąŖæąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ” ąŖ„ąŖÆą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ®ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ® ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆą«. āąŖ¹ą«ąŖ … હા, ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖąŖ ąŖą«.ā ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖµą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖæąŖ ąŖ¢ąŖ¬ą« ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆą«..
āąŖ ąŖ¹, ઠતરફ ąŖąŖµą«, ąŖŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖ,ā ąŖøą«ąŖą«ąŖąŖ®ą« ąŖØ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ¬ ąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ¶ąŖæąŖ¤, ąŖ®ą«ąŖąŖąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ą«ąŖąŖ¾ ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ„ąŖ°ą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖ ąŖŖąŖ°ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ³ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ„ą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖąŖąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ²ąŖ ąŖ°ą«ąŖøąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖąŖąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖąŖ®ąŖąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ ąŖ®ą«ąŖąŖ¾ ąŖą«ąŖąŖ¬ąŖ-ąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ²ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ²ąŖ ąŖąŖÆą«. ąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ®ąŖ£ąŖ¾ ąŖą«ąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¦ą« ąŖą«ąŖµąŖ¾ ąŖøąŖ«ą«ąŖ¦, ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ²ą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖøąŖØą« ąŖ¢ąŖąŖ²ą« હતą«. ąŖ ąŖ®ą«ąŖ (ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖø) ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖ®ąŖ¹ąŖ¾ąŖµąŖ°ą« ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ® ąŖąŖ®ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ® ફરતા હતા, ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖ ąŖ®ą«ąŖ (ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖø)
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āąŖ¶ą«ąŖ ąŖ¤ąŖ®ą« ąŖąŖ® ąŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖµąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖą« ąŖą« ąŖ¬ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ફરતા ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖ¾ ąŖøąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖØ ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖ¶ąŖą«ąŖ?ā ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖąŖÆą«ąŖ. āąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖ ąŖąŖæąŖ²ą«ąŖ®ą«ąŖąŖ°ąŖØą« ąŖ®ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ¦ąŖæąŖ¤ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ°ąŖæąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ® ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖą«. ઠનૠહા, ąŖąŖØą«ąŖ નામ રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ ā 070 ąŖą«.” ąŖøą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖąŖ®ą«ąŖØą« ąŖøąŖ®ąŖąŖ¾ąŖµą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ. ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ„ą«ąŖ ąŖ§ą«ąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖµą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ. ąŖøą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖąŖ®ą« ąŖØą« (ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØą«ąŖ) ąŖ¹ąŖ²ąŖØąŖąŖ²ąŖØ, ąŖŖąŖąŖ”, ąŖąŖ²ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ ąŖ®ą«ąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ® ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖÆą«ąŖ (ąŖąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖµą«) ąŖ¬ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖµą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ. ąŖ¬ąŖ§ą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆąŖ°ąŖ¤ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖµą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ. ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖ ąŖøą«ąŖ¦ąŖ¾ąŖ„ą« ąŖøąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ· ąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖµą«ąŖ ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ.
ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖ¤ąŖ®ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖµąŖµą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖąŖ ąŖą« બધા ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖøąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ® ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖæąŖą«ąŖø(ąŖÆąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ°ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖØąŖµ ąŖ¬ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖµąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖµąŖæąŖą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØ)ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖØąŖæąŖÆąŖ® ąŖ ąŖØą«ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ°, રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ąŖØą« ąŖ°ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ°ąŖ£ ąŖøąŖæąŖ¦ą«ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ą« ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖµąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ ąŖą«; ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖąŖ®ą«ąŖ¶ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæąŖąŖØą« ąŖąŖą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖ પાલન ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¶ą«, ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖØąŖµą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖØą«ąŖąŖøąŖ¾ąŖØ ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ ąŖŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖ”ą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖØą«ąŖąŖøąŖ¾ąŖØ ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ ઄વા ąŖ¦ą«.” ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖøąŖæąŖ¦ą«ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖąŖąŖ³ą«ąŖØą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖąŖ¾ąŖµąŖæąŖ¤ ąŖ„ąŖÆą«. ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖ¬ąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖØąŖ¾ બૠ(ąŖøąŖæąŖ¦ą«ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ą«) તરફ ąŖ§ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖØ ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ. ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖąŖØąŖąŖ¦ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ„ą«ąŖ ąŖ§ą«ąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖµą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖµą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ£ ąŖ¦ąŖøą«ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖµą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« āąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖŖąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ ઄ાય” ąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖøąŖ¹ą« ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖøą«ąŖąŖŖą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖ. ąŖ¹ąŖµą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖøą« ąŖąŖ ąŖØą«ąŖąŖ° ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ¤ હતą«.
ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖµąŖæąŖąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖąŖµą«ąŖÆą«, āąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ® ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070, ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ, ąŖą« ąŖąŖ°ąŖæąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ£ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ¦ą« ąŖ¶ąŖą«, ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ ąŖą«ąŖµą« ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖµąŖøą«ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ® ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ?ā ąŖ¬ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« સામાન ąŖąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ”તાąŖ, ąŖøąŖæąŖØą«ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖąŖæąŖąŖæąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ¦ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ, ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ”ą« ąŖøą«ąŖ§ą« ąŖąŖ°ąŖæąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ£ą«ąŖ ąŖ²ąŖ ąŖąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖø ąŖąŖ ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖÆ ąŖ¦ąŖ¶ą«ąŖÆ ąŖ¹ą«ąŖµąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ ąŖµąŖæąŖąŖæąŖ¤ą«ąŖ° ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ°ąŖ®ą«ąŖ ąŖŖąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ”ą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖµąŖ¾ ąŖØą«ąŖąŖ°ą« હતાąŖ. રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070 ąŖą«ąŖ¬ ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆąŖą«ąŖ·ąŖ® હતą«. તૠઠતિશય ąŖąŖ”ąŖŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖąŖøąŖ¾ąŖąŖ„ૠબધૠઠસામાન ąŖ¹ąŖ¾ąŖ„ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ”ą«(ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæ)ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖØą«, ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ¦ą«ąŖ¶ąŖØą« રાહ ąŖą«ąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖą« ąŖ°ąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą«. āąŖ¬ą« ąŖąŖæąŖ²ą« ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ°ąŖøąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ³ą« ąŖą«ąŖ°ą«,ā ąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖØą« ąŖ®ą«ąŖą« ąŖ¢ąŖąŖ²ą« ąŖą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ°ąŖ„ą« ąŖ ąŖąŖ¦ą«ąŖ¶ ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖÆą«. પળવારમાઠતૠરામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ą« ąŖøą«ąŖ„ૠસારૠ(ąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ) ąŖŖąŖøąŖąŖ¦ ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖ²ą«ąŖ§ą« હતą«. ā(ąŖØąŖąŖ¦) ąŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖØą«ąŖąŖ° ąŖŖąŖ° બિલ ąŖą«ąŖąŖµą« ąŖ¦ą«,ā ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖ”ąŖ°ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ¦ą«ąŖ¶ ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖÆą«.
ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ² ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖ²ąŖ ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖøą« ąŖąŖą« ąŖ°ąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖ¹ – 070 ąŖąŖ વફાદાર ąŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ® ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖØą« ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖ³ ąŖąŖÆą«. ąŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖØą« ąŖ¬ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą«ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ„ą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖµąŖæąŖŖą«ąŖ² ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ£ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖµą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ ąŖøą«ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ¦ąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ¾. ąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖ”ąŖŖąŖ„ą« ąŖąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖøąŖąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖÆą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ°ąŖæąŖ®ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖØą«ąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ²ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ§ą«ąŖ®ą«ąŖ„ą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖøą«ąŖŖąŖ·ą«ąŖ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆą«, āąŖąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖąŖ ąŖ¾ąŖµą«ąŖØą« ąŖøąŖąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ”ą« ąŖ¦ą«. ąŖ¶ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ąŖæąŖ„ą«, માહિતૠબહાર પઔવૠન ąŖą«ąŖąŖ. ąŖąŖąŖ¦ąŖ® ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØąŖą« ąŖą«.. નહિતર ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖøąŖæąŖøą«ąŖąŖæąŖ® ąŖ¬ąŖąŖ§ ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖ¶.ā
ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖµąŖ£ą« ąŖąŖŖą«. રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070ąŖ ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖµą«ąŖ¶ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«, ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖØą«ąŖąŖ°ąŖØą« સાવ ąŖØąŖą«ąŖ (ąŖąŖÆą«). ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« હા઄ ąŖ§ą«ąŖ®ą«ąŖ„ą«, ąŖ ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ વિના ąŖąŖąŖ³ ąŖ²ąŖąŖ¬ąŖ¾ąŖÆą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖ°ąŖ£ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖą« ąŖąŖ£ąŖąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖ, વિના ąŖøą«ąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ ąŖÆą«ąŖØąŖæąŖąŖøąŖąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¹ ąŖąŖąŖ®)માઠહાર ąŖŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖą« ąŖąŖÆą«. ąŖą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖąŖ¬ąŖ° ąŖØ ąŖŖąŖ”ą«. ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖØ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ³ąŖØą« ąŖ®ą«ąŖąŖ§ą« ąŖµąŖøą«ąŖ¤ą«ąŖąŖ„ą« ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ”ą«ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ®ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ°ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ā ąŖ„ą«ąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖ¦ąŖæąŖµąŖøą« ąŖøą«ąŖ§ą« ąŖąŖµą« ąŖą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ą« ąŖ°ąŖ¹ą« ā ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖąŖæąŖąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖą« ąŖŖąŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ¾ ઔર ąŖµąŖąŖ°. ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ¦ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą«ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖąŖąŖµąŖ£ąŖąŖ°ą«
ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¤ąŖæąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖæąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ§ą«ąŖ®ą« ąŖ§ą«ąŖ®ą« વધવા ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖą«. ąŖ ąŖ¬ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖ„ą« ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ£ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ą« ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖą«, ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖąŖ દિવસ ąŖ«ąŖ³ ąŖµą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖąŖ ąŖÆą«ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖ®ą«ąŖąŖ§ą« ąŖ ąŖ«ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖ·ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ®ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖ¤ą« ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖ ąŖąŖ¦ąŖ° ąŖ ąŖ¦ąŖ¶ą«ąŖÆ ąŖ„ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ. ąŖ ąŖąŖąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ¬ąŖ§ą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖøąŖ°ą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖąŖąŖ³ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖ ąŖ ąŖ®ą«ąŖ ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ¦ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą«ąŖØą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ®ąŖ¤ą« ąŖą«ąŖą« ąŖ ąŖ¦ąŖ¶ą«ąŖÆ ąŖ„ąŖ ąŖ¤ą« ąŖŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖØą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖ¹ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ°ą« યાદ ąŖąŖµą«. ąŖ„ą«ąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖ ąŖøąŖ®ąŖÆąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ¹ąŖæąŖ¤ą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖø ąŖ®ąŖ„ąŖą« ąŖŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖą« ąŖąŖ. ąŖąŖ દિવસ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ાઠરામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070ąŖØą« ąŖąŖµą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ°ąŖ§ąŖ°ą«ąŖ(ąŖØą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØ)ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ„ą« ąŖą«ąŖ®ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ°ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ¦ą«ąŖ¶ ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖÆą«.
ąŖŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖø ąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖąŖą« હતૠઠનૠપળ-ąŖŖąŖ³ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖ°ąŖæąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ”ąŖæąŖąŖ ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ®ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖąŖąŖ” ąŖą«ąŖ®ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ તૠ(રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070) ąŖą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖŖąŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖÆą«. રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖ¤ą« ąŖŖąŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖÆą« ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ°ąŖ¬ą«ąŖØąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ„ą« ąŖ¬ą« ąŖµą«ąŖÆąŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖæąŖąŖØą« રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ąŖØą« ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¦ąŖØ ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖÆą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖąŖøąŖØą«ąŖø ąŖØąŖąŖ¬ąŖ° ąŖØą«ąŖąŖ§ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ¾, ąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖąŖ„ą« ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖøą« ąŖąŖÆą«. ąŖą«ąŖ° રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæąŖ ąŖ¤ąŖ°ą«ąŖą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ„ą« ąŖ§ąŖ°ąŖŖąŖąŖ” ąŖ„ąŖ.
ąŖ§ąŖ°ąŖŖąŖąŖ” બાદ તરત ąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖÆąŖØą« ąŖøą«ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖµąŖ£ą« ઄ાય ąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖøą«ąŖ§ą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ®ą«ąŖØ ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖą«ąŖ”ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą«ąŖÆą«. ąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖ ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖµąŖøą«ąŖ¤ą« ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖ®ąŖ³ą« ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ. ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ³ąŖą«ąŖØą« ąŖ®ąŖ¦ąŖ¦ąŖ„ą« ąŖą«ąŖ¬ ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖµąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖØą« (ąŖµąŖøą«ąŖ¤ą«ąŖąŖØą«) ąŖØąŖæąŖąŖ¾ąŖ² ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ§ą« હતą«. ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖÆąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« બધા ąŖ ąŖąŖą«ąŖ·ą«ąŖŖą« ąŖØąŖąŖ¾ąŖÆ. ąŖą«ąŖ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą« ąŖµą«ąŖÆąŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖæąŖ રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ® ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ„ą« ąŖą«ąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ ąŖą«. ąŖŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖøą« ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ®ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ„ą« ąŖŖąŖąŖ”ą«ąŖÆą«,” ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖ¦ąŖ²ą«ąŖ² ąŖąŖ°ą«.
ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ² ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖ³ą« ąŖąŖąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ§ą«ąŖ¶ąŖØą« ąŖØąŖą«ąŖ ąŖąŖąŖØą« ąŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ, āąŖ¶ą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖøą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ„ą«ąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖ¦ąŖæąŖµąŖøą«ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¬ąŖØą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ, ąŖą«ąŖØą« ąŖ ąŖøąŖ° ąŖąŖ£ąŖ¾ ąŖąŖµą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖØ ąŖµąŖøą«ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ ąŖµą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖ„ąŖ ąŖą«, ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ§ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ²ą«ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ® ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖą« ąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ£ąŖµą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖą«. રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖÆąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖµąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖµąŖæąŖØąŖąŖ¤ąŖæ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ.”
“ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖÆ ąŖąŖ¶ą«.ā ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖ¾ ąŖ¦ąŖæąŖµąŖøąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ®ą«ąŖą«ąŖÆ ąŖøąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ° હતા. ąŖąŖ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖ·ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖµąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖÆąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖ¾ ąŖ¦ąŖæąŖµąŖøą« ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖøą«ąŖ ąŖ²ą«ąŖą«ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ” ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ®ą«. ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ² ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ² ąŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖ”ą« ąŖøą«ąŖ§ą« ąŖ®ą«ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ¦ąŖ¾ąŖąŖØą« ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖø ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖ°ąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ હતા. ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖµąŖæąŖ¶ą«ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖøąŖ„ą«
ąŖą«ąŖ²ąŖąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖą«ąŖąŖø ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ હતા, ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖµą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ. ąŖ ąŖÆąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ°ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖØąŖµ ąŖą«ąŖ દિવસ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæąŖąŖØą« ąŖ¦ąŖą« ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ ąŖ¦ą«. ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ¹ą« શરૠ઄ઠઠનૠરામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070 ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ²ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ° ąŖ„ąŖÆą«. “ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖ° ąŖąŖØąŖ°,” ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ² ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖ¶ąŖ°ą«ąŖąŖ¤ ąŖąŖ°ą«. “ąŖøą«ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖø ąŖ¦ą«ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖµąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖą« ąŖą« ąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ
ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖ¬ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖµąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖ®ą«ąŖ®ąŖ°ąŖæ (ąŖøą«ąŖ®ąŖ°ąŖ£ąŖ¶ąŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖæ) ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ ąŖ ąŖ ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ”ąŖæąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ¹ąŖæąŖ¤ą« ąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆ ąŖą«.ā ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖø (ąŖ®ą«ąŖąŖ¦ą«ąŖ¦ąŖ®ą«) ąŖąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖŖąŖąŖ¦ąŖ° દિવસ બાદ ąŖ¶ąŖ°ą« ąŖ„ąŖÆą«; (ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ„ą«) ąŖą«ąŖąŖ¤ą« ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ¹ąŖæąŖ¤ą« ąŖą«ąŖąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ હશą«,” ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ§ą«ąŖ¶ą« ąŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ. ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ®ą« ąŖą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ² ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ² ąŖ„ą«ąŖ”ą«ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ²ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ¾, ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ¬, (ąŖąŖąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ¬ąŖØą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖ„ą« ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖ¬ąŖąŖ§ ąŖąŖ°ą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą«ąŖÆą« ąŖą«.ā ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖ®ą«ąŖ ąŖŖąŖ”ą« ąŖąŖÆą«ąŖ, ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ¤ąŖ°ą« ąŖ¹ąŖ¤ą« ąŖą« રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070 ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæąŖąŖØą« ąŖąŖą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖ પાલન ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¶ą«. ąŖ¬ąŖ§ą« ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖŖą«ąŖ¤ ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ¤ą« ąŖøą«ąŖ°ąŖą«ąŖ·ąŖæąŖ¤ હતą«. āąŖ¤ąŖ®ą« ąŖąŖąŖ³ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą«.” ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ§ą«ąŖ¶ą« ąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖ® ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«.
ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ² ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ² રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ તરફ ąŖ«ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾. āąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ£ ąŖą«?ā ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖ£ą« ąŖą«ąŖąŖą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¶ą«ąŖØ ąŖŖą«ąŖą«ąŖÆą«. ąŖąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖąŖą« ąŖą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ ąŖąŖ¬ą«ąŖą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖ¦ ąŖą«ąŖ·ąŖ£ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ°ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ બાદ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ§ąŖ¾ąŖ¤ą« ąŖą«ąŖµąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖąŖ· ąŖ ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆą«, āąŖ¶ą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾.ā āąŖ¤ą«ąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖ¶ą«ąŖ ąŖ¶ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ ?’ ąŖąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ·ąŖ£ ąŖ„ą«ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ ąŖŖąŖą« ąŖ„ą«ąŖ”ą« ąŖąŖ°ąŖąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ, ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖŖąŖą« ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ°ąŖæąŖ ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ¤ąŖ°, “સાફ-ąŖøąŖ«ąŖ¾ąŖ, ąŖąŖ¾ąŖø ąŖąŖ¾ąŖŖąŖµą«ąŖ, ąŖąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ§ą«ąŖµąŖ¾, વાસણ સાફ . ąŖąŖ°ąŖµą«, ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖ¦ą« …ā
ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖ ąŖ§ąŖµąŖą«ąŖą« ąŖ ąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖµąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖ¶ą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ² ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾, “ąŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ ąŖ ąŖ¦ąŖæąŖµąŖøąŖØą« ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖµą«ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ¤ąŖæąŖ ąŖµąŖæąŖ¶ą« ąŖµąŖæąŖąŖ¤ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ¹ąŖæąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖŖ.ā ąŖ®ą«ąŖ®ąŖ°ąŖæ ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ„ą« ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ°ąŖæąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖ³ąŖ¾ąŖąŖØąŖ વિવરણ ąŖ¶ąŖ°ą« ąŖ„ąŖÆą«ąŖ ā āąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ, ąŖąŖ°ąŖæąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖØą« સામાન ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ¢ą«ąŖÆą«, ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖ¬ąŖąŖ§ ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ, ąŖ«ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«. ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖø ąŖ”ąŖąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆą«, ąŖąŖą« ąŖ°ąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą«, ąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ¬ą« ąŖ¬ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖØ ąŖµąŖøą«ąŖ¤ą«ąŖąŖØą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖØ, ąŖøą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖøąŖæąŖą«ąŖØąŖ² ā ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ą«-ઔાબૠતરફ ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆą«, ąŖ«ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«, ąŖµą«ąŖø ąŖ”ąŖąŖ²ąŖ¾ …ā ąŖ ąŖ ą«ąŖ ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖ¦ą«ąŖ¶ ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖÆą«. āąŖ„ą«ąŖ. ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖ«ąŖ° ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ„ą« ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ².ā ąŖøą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖøąŖæąŖą«ąŖØąŖ² ąŖ®ąŖ³ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ બાદ ąŖ«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ„ą« ąŖąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ·ąŖ£ąŖØą« ąŖøą«ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¾ąŖµąŖæąŖ વિરામ, ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ² ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ²ą« ąŖą« ąŖŖ ąŖ¬ąŖąŖ§ ąŖąŖ°ą«,
āąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ·ąŖ£ąŖæąŖ વિરામ ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖ§ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖØ ąŖąŖŖą«, ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖ° ąŖąŖØąŖ°. ąŖ ąŖ®ą«ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖæąŖÆąŖ¾ ąŖµąŖæąŖ¶ą« ąŖØąŖ„ą« ąŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ. ąŖ¤ą« ąŖøą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¶ą«ąŖ હતą«? ąŖ ąŖøą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖąŖŖą«?” ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖ£ą« રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070ąŖØą« ąŖŖą«ąŖąŖÆą«ąŖ. āąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ¹ąŖæąŖ¤ą« બહાર પાઔવાનૠન઄ą«,ā ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ¤ąŖ° ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖÆą«. “ąŖ¶ąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą«?” ”ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæąŖąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖ®ąŖØą« ઠનાદર ąŖØ ąŖąŖ°ą«.ā āāąŖ ąŖøą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ વિશૠમાહિતૠન ąŖąŖŖąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą« ąŖ¤ą« ąŖą«ąŖ®ąŖ£ą« ąŖØą«ąŖąŖøąŖ¾ąŖØ ąŖµąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖµąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ£ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ²ą«ąŖą« ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖą« ąŖ„ąŖ¶ą«. ąŖ¶ą«ąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ¤ą« ąŖøą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ?ā ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ² ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖą«ąŖ°ąŖ¹ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖµąŖ ąŖŖą«ąŖą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ.
ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖø ąŖ²ą«ąŖą«ąŖØą« ąŖØą«ąŖąŖøąŖ¾ąŖØ (ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ) ąŖØ ąŖŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖ”ą«,ā ąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ® ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070ąŖ ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ°ąŖæąŖ ąŖąŖ¤ą«ąŖ¤ąŖ° ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖÆą«. ‘ąŖąŖ£ąŖ¾ બધા ąŖ²ą«ąŖą«ąŖØą« ąŖØą«ąŖąŖøąŖ¾ąŖØ ąŖ„ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖą«, ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖą« વાત ąŖąŖ¹ą« ąŖ¦ą«, રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖ¹ – 070,” ąŖ¦ąŖ°ą«ąŖ ąŖ¶ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ¦ ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ° ąŖ®ą«ąŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ² ąŖą«ąŖÆąŖ² ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖÆąŖ¾, ąŖØąŖ¾, રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹,” ąŖąŖąŖ°ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖÆą«ąŖ²ąŖ¾ ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ® પાઔą«, ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖąŖą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖµąŖ£ą« ąŖąŖŖą« ąŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ, āąŖ¶ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ ąŖ°ąŖ¹ą«.āāąŖ¬ą«ąŖ² રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070,” ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ§ą«ąŖ¶ą« ąŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ. રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ – 070ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ„ą«ąŖ ąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ¬ą« ąŖ¬ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖ«ą«ąŖ°ąŖµą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ, ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖŖąŖą« ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ§ą«ąŖ¶ તરફ ąŖąŖ®ąŖ£ą« ąŖ¬ąŖ¾ąŖą«ąŖ.
ąŖą«ąŖ²ąŖæąŖ ąŖą«ąŖ²ąŖæąŖ ąŖ ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖµą«ąŖÆą«, ąŖą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖ¤ą« ąŖą«ąŖŖ ąŖ ąŖąŖąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖØąŖæąŖ°ą«ąŖ¦ą«ąŖ¶ હતૠઠનૠપિપ-ąŖŖąŖæąŖŖ, ąŖŖąŖæąŖŖ-ąŖŖąŖæąŖŖ, ąŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖµąŖ£ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖøąŖæąŖą«ąŖØąŖ² ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖ¬ąŖąŖ§ ąŖ„ąŖ ąŖąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ. ąŖąŖ ąŖ®ą«ąŖą« ąŖ ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ ąŖµąŖ§ą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ ąŖ„ąŖ. āāąŖąŖÆ, ąŖøąŖæąŖøą«ąŖąŖæąŖ® ąŖ¬ąŖąŖ§.ā ąŖøąŖæąŖą«ąŖØąŖ² ąŖøą«ąŖąŖµąŖ¤ą« ąŖąŖ લાલ ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖąŖą« રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖ¹ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖąŖØąŖ¾ મા઄ા ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«. ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØą« ąŖ®ąŖ§ą«ąŖÆąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖøąŖ¾ąŖ”ą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖ¬ąŖ¾ąŖ°ą« ąŖą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¦ą«ąŖąŖ¾ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ ąŖąŖ નાના TVąŖØąŖ¾ પઔદા ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖ²ąŖą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ, āąŖøąŖæąŖøą«ąŖąŖæąŖ®ąŖØą«ąŖ ąŖµąŖæąŖąŖąŖØ.” રામ ąŖøąŖæąŖąŖ¹ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ ąŖØąŖ·ą«ąŖ ąŖ„ąŖ ąŖą«ąŖą«ąŖÆą« હતą«.
ąŖąŖ¹ ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ,ā ąŖøą«ąŖŖąŖ° ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖøąŖØą« ąŖøą«ąŖ²ą«ąŖąŖ®ą« ąŖØ ąŖ¬ą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖ ąŖ”ą«ąŖÆą«, તૠનાશ ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ®ą«ąŖÆą« ąŖą«. ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ®ą«ąŖ¤ą«ąŖÆą« ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ®ą«ąŖÆą« ąŖą«.” ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖÆąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¶ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ąŖæ ąŖąŖµąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖ. ąŖ²ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¬ąŖ¾ સમય ąŖøą«ąŖ§ą« ąŖØą«ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖÆąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖÆąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ¶ąŖ¾ąŖąŖ¤ąŖæ ąŖ°ąŖ¹ą«. ąŖµąŖą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖąŖ³ą«ąŖ ąŖąŖąŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖÆą«ąŖ, āąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖą«ąŖø ąŖ²ą«ąŖą«ąŖØą« હાનિ ąŖØ ąŖŖąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖąŖ¾ąŖ”ą« ąŖ ąŖØą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ®ąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæąŖąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖ®ąŖØą« ઠનાદર ąŖŖąŖ£ ąŖØ ąŖąŖ°ą«. ąŖ¶ą«ąŖ°ą« ąŖŖą«ąŖ°ą«ąŖ® ąŖą«ąŖŖąŖ”ąŖ¾ąŖ ąŖąŖŖą«ąŖ²ą« ąŖøą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ બહાર ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ”ąŖµąŖ¾ąŖØą« ąŖØąŖ¹ą«ąŖ¤ą«. ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖŖą«ąŖ¤ąŖ¾ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ ąŖøą«ąŖ¤ąŖæąŖ¤ą«ąŖµ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖą« ąŖ¹ąŖ¾ąŖØąŖæąŖąŖ¾ąŖ°ąŖ ąŖ¹ąŖ¤ą« ā ąŖąŖ ąŖ°ą«ąŖ¬ą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖą«ąŖµąŖØą« ąŖą«ąŖąŖ®ąŖ°ą«ąŖŖ હતą«. ąŖą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖ¤ą« ąŖøą«ąŖąŖØąŖ¾ąŖ) બહાર ąŖŖąŖ¾ąŖ”ą« ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ¤, ąŖ¤ą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖ£ą« ąŖ¤ą«ąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ®ąŖ¾ąŖ²ąŖæąŖąŖØąŖ¾ ąŖ¹ą«ąŖąŖ®ąŖØą« ઠનાદર ąŖąŖ°ą«ąŖÆą« ąŖ¹ą«ąŖ¤;
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Word Meanings
Idioms And Phrases
(1) to lead through
The teacher led the children through the corridor.
(2) to step on
The little boy stepped on the dogās tail.
(3) to come forward
Sonam came forward and spoke to the teacher about the problems of the students.
(4) to prove worthwhile
āDid your visit to the minister prove worth while ? Did he listen to you ?ā asked Mr Shah to his friend.
(5) to head towards
The principal quickly headed towards his office.
(6) to adhere to
The students must adhere to the rules of the school.
(7) to take notice of
The teacher did not take notice of the new student sitting on the first bench.
(8) to go on
In spite of the noise in the class, the teacher went on teaching.
(9) all over
The news of the Prime Ministerās visit to the city spread all over in no time.
(10) in no time
When we called Sumeet, he arrived home in no time.
(11) capable of
Nowadays, even young children are capable of using computers efficiently.
(12) to dispose of
The main problem in cities is how to dispose of the garbage.
(13) wiped out
When my computer crashed, all my work was wiped out.
(14) to turn to
Deepak turned to the shopkeeper and asked him the price of the shirt.
(15) in detail
Harsh explained his project in detail to the teacher.
(16) to suffer loss
Nareshbhai suffered very heavy loss in his business last year.
(17) for long
Nayanaās performance ended and for long the audience was clapping in appreciation.
(18) to break apart
The toy car fell down from my hand and broke apart.
I feel… (Classroom Activity)
(1) Make a list of the sentences that you didnāt like about Prem Chopra.
(2) What would you do if you had a robot like Ram Singh-070?
(3) Underline the words / phrases narrating Ram Singhās conflict.
(4) Discuss in the class : Are robots a blessing or a curse ?
(5) Underline the sentences that Ram Singh spoke in his defense in the court.
(6) Which quality of Ram Singh did you like most ?