GSEB Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 2 India: Climate and Natural Resources

Gujarat Board GSEB Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 2 India: Climate and Natural Resources Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf.

Gujarat Board Textbook Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 2 India: Climate and Natural Resources

GSEB Class 7 Social Science India: Climate and Natural Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
How is the climate near the sea coast of India?
Answer:

• Climate affects diet, lifestyle, and behaviour of people.
• For example, people living in dry regions like Rajasthan have flat terraces on their houses for storing water during rains.
• People of north India wear woollen clothes to protect themselves from chilling cold.
• People of south India prefer cotton clothes to protect themselves from heat whereas people living in desert regions wear loose cotton clothes to protect themselves from heat and blow off dust easily from the others. Also, they wear cotton turbans or tie cotton cloth on their head to get protection against heat and dust.
• Due to favourable conditions in north India, farming is seen more in these regions.
• The shepherd community wanders place to place so that they can feed their animals properly in the dry regions.
• Due to different climatic conditions, Gujarat grows wheat, whereas Tamil Nadu, Kerala and West Bengal grow rice.
• Manne industry has developed in regions having coastline.

Question 2.
How do the three seasons affect your daily routine?
Answer:
Affect the diet, lifestyle and nature of human beings.

Question 3.
Why are the rivers of South India not useful as waterways?
Answer:
Because they flow from uneven plains and form waterfalls.

Question 4.
Where are lakes located in India?
Answer:
Dal, Wular, Kolleru, Pulicat, Chilka, Sambhar and Nal Sarovar.

Question 5.
What are the different types of minerals?
Answer:
A. Metallic Minerals: e.g. – copper, gold. zinc,
B. Non-metallic minerals: e.g. – ruby, lime. silica,
C. Rr genera ng minerals: e.g.- coal, mineral dl, reading

Question 6.
How many types of forests are found in India?
Answer:
A. Evergreen forests,
B. Deciduous forests,
C. Coniferous forests,
D. Thorny forests,
E. Tidal forests

Fill in the blanks with appropriate word.

Question 1.
………………………… clothes are preferred by the people of South India to protect themselves from heat.
Answer:
Cotton

Question 2.
…………………….. is made from Sundari trees.
Answer:
Boat steamers

Question 3.
River ………………… of Bihar is flooded every year.
Answer:
Kosi

Question 4.
……………… Mineral is used for noise absorption.
Answer:
Mica

Question 5.
………………………… National Bird Park is situated in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Keoladev

Identify me: Who am I?

Question 1.
I pass through the middle of India …………………. .
Answer:
Tropic of Cancer

Question 2.
It snows regularly here ………………….. .
Answer:
Rajasthan

Question 3.
I am the longest river of India ……………………… .
Answer:
Marine

Question 4.
I am used to make ornaments ………………… .
Answer:
Three

Question 5.
I am well-known as the state of white lions ………………. .
Answer:
Gandhi Sagar

Strikeout the wrong words from the statements given below.

Question 1.
There is rainfall in India due to seasonal unseasonal winds.
Answer:
“There is rainfall in India because of seasonal winds. Seasonal winds are movements of air repetitively and predictably driven by changes in large-scale weather patterns. Seasonal winds occur in many locations throughout the world. The name assigned to a particular seasonal wind—and the underlying physical forces that drive the winds-depend upon the unique geographic location.

Question 2.
It rains heavily / scarcely in Meghalaya.
Answer:
The correct answer is heavy. Throughout India, Meghalaya is the state that has maximum rainfall in the year. Earlier, Cherapunjee in Meghalayaused to get maximum rainfall in the country and now it is Mawsynram in the same state. The place is one of the wettest places in the world and receives an annual average rainfall of 11,000 mm.

Question 3.
The Narmada Project /the Nagarjuna Project is on River Krishna.
Answer:
The Nagarjunasagar project and not the Narmada project is in the Krishna river. With the Srisailam project receiving good inflows from upstream leading to sufficient water reserves, the Krishna River Management Board (KRMB)has ordered release of 52 tmcft of water to Nagarjuna Sagar project from Srisailam to meet the water requirements of both Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

Question 4.
Gold mines are found in Karnataka Gujarat state.
Answer:
Final Answer
Gold mines are found in Karnataka state.
Explanation

Turpentine Catechu is made from Chid trees.
Answer:
Turpentine is got from the Cedar trees. It is a tree that comes under the pine group and the oil is got from the live trees after distillation of the resins. The byproduct is used as a solvent and is often used in paints. It is also used in many cleaning reagents due to the smell and antiseptic quality.

Match the following and write the correct answer in the box provided alongside Column (A).

(A)	(B)
The River Tungabhadra	(1) The River of North India
The River Ganga	(2) The River of South India
Iron	(3) Graphite
The Kanha National Park	(4) Madhya Pradesh
Heaviest Bird	(5) Great Indian Bustard (Ghorad)
	(6) Mercury

Answer:
Match the following answers is listed:
The River Tungabhadra is The River of South India.
The River Ganga is The River of North India.
Iron and Graphite because graphite iron is a metal.
The Kanha National Park is located in Madhya Pradesh.
Heaviest Bird is the Great Indian Bustard(Ghorad)

Mark the following details in the political map of India.

(1) Rajasthan
(2) The River Narmada
(3) The Chilika lake
(4) The Bear Sanctuary
(5) Place where mineral oil is available
(6) The Tropic of Cancer
Answer:

Mark the details in the political map of India.

Two places receiving excessive rainfall: ……………………….., ……………………………
Two places receiving scanty rainfall: ………………………………., …………………………
Two places receiving moderate rainfall: ……………………….., ………………………..
Answer:

GSEB Class 7 Social Science India: Climate and Natural Resources Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
What do you mean by climate and climatic condition? Which factors affect the climate?
Answer:
Climate:

• Climate is an average weather condition that exists in an area over a long period of time.
• Conditions related to climate or weather are called climatic conditions.

Factors affecting climate:
Several factors such as location of the country, height of its landmass, mountains, plateaus, distance from sea or ocean, flow of sea or ocean, forests, etc. affect the climatic conditions of the area.

Question 2.
Give a brief idea of location and climatic conditions (or climate) of India.
Answer:
Climatic conditions of India:

• India is a very large country So, the climate varies among its regions.
• India is located between 8° N to 37° N latitudes in the northern hemisphere.
• Tropic of Cancer passes through the centre of India. Due to this, the climate of north India remains cold whereas central regions remain hot.
• Moreover, southern India is a peninsula i.e. covered with water on three sides. Hence, south India experiences moderate climate.
• Many states of India are more than 1500 km away from coastal area. Hence, in such regions, winters are too cold and summers are too hot, for e.g. Delhi.
• However, areas that are very far from sea but situated at higher altitudes always remain cool, for e.g. Srinagar and Manali.
• The seasonal winds bring rains in India. These winds blow from more than one direction and hence India receives uneven rainfall in its different regions. For e.g., Meghalaya receives heavy rainfall and deserts receive scanty rainfall.
• Eastern Ghats are located in the east and Western Ghats are located in the west of southern peninsula.

India experiences three seasons :
(A) Winter,
(B) Summer and
(C) Monsoon.

Question 3.
Name the seasons of India and the months in which the season is experienced.
Answer:

Season	Months
1. Winter	December, January and February
2. Summer	March, April and May
3. Monsoon	June to September
4. Retreating monsoon	October and November

Question 4.
Write a short note on winter in India.
Answer:
Winter in India:

• India experiences winter in the months of December, January and February.
• Sun shines in a slant direction and so India experiences cold in these months.
• Winter is quite cold and long in regions of north India like Shimla and Darjeeling. Many times, the temperature in these regions falls below 5° C and snowfall occurs.
• Since south India is near the sea and Equator, it does not experience much cold.

Question 5.
Write a short note on summer in India.
Answer:
Summer in India:
India experiences summer between the months of March and May.
Sunrays fall directly on Tropic of Cancer. Hence, regions of India lying around it experience extreme heat.
Temperature at central and mid western regions of India goes as high as 45° C to 50° C during April and June.
Desert of Rajasthan also remains extremely hot.

Question 6.
Write a short note on the monsoon in India.
Answer:
Monsoon:

• India is an agricultural country and so monsoon is a very important season for it.
• India experiences monsoon from June to September.
• India receives 80% of its rainfall in these months.
• Monsoon winds blow from Arabian Sea and enter India through Malabar Coast of Kerala. This region receives about 300 cm rainfall.
• On the other hand, winds blowing from Bay of Bengal bring rainfall to north-eastern regions of India such as Assam, Meghalaya, West Bengal, etc.

Retreating monsoon:

• In the months of October and November, the monsoon winds retreat and so India experiences retreating monsoon.
• The retreating winds bring rainfall to Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

Question 7.
How does climate affect human life?
Answer:
Effects of climate on human life:

• Climate affects diet, lifestyle, and behaviour of people.
• For example, people living in dry regions like Rajasthan have flat terraces on their houses for storing water during rains.
• People of north India wear woollen clothes to protect themselves from chilling cold.
• People of south India prefer cotton clothes to protect themselves from heat whereas people living in desert regions wear loose cotton clothes to protect themselves from heat and blow off dust easily from the clothes.
• Also, they wear cotton turbans or tie cotton cloth on their head to get protection against heat and dust.
• Due to favourable conditions in north India, farming is seen more in these regions.
• The shepherd community wanders place to place so that they can feed their animals properly in the dry regions.
• Due to different climatic conditions, Gujarat grows wheat, whereas Tamil Nadu, Kerala and West Bengal grow rice.
• Marine industry has developed in regions having coastline.

Question 8.
What are resources? Explain.
Answer:
Resources:

• Everything available in our environment which can be stored and used based or its quality, capacity and utility and which becomes our heritage can be termed as Resources.
• Man categorises these resources on the basis of their characteristics and utility.
• In ancient times, people could not make large use of these resources.
• As time passed, man learnt to make maximum use of these resources.
• Man uses these resources to satisfy his needs and for his welfare.

Question 9.
Classify natural resources.
Answer:
There are mainly three types of resources. They are:
(A) Water resources:
These include rivers, lakes, sea, ocean, etc.

(B) Mineral resources:
These include three types of minerals namely

1. Metallic minerals,
2. Non-metallic minerals and
3. Power generating minerals.

(C) Land resources:
Land resources include mountains, forests, fertile plains, wildlife, etc.

Question 10.
Write a short note on the rivers of India.
Answer:
Rivers of India can be mainly divided into two parts. They are as follows.

(Note: Refer map 2.4. India: Rivers, Lakes and Multipurpose projects (Dams))

(A) Rivers of north India:

• Sindhu, Ganga, Yamuna and Brahmaputra are the important perennial rivers of north India.
• Other rivers include Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Satluj, Kosi, etc.
• Ganga is also known as ‘Bhagirathi’.
• Ganga has made a triangular fertile plain near its mouth.
• Ganga and Brahmaputra are used as waterways.
• Kosi river of Bihar is so devastating that it brings severe floods in majority of Bihar every year.

Rivers of South India:

• Rivers like Tapi, Narmada and Mahanadi flow from central India.
• Narmada and Tapi flow westwards and meet Arabian Sea.
• Rivers Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri and Tungabhadra flow eastwards and meet Bay of Bengal. These rivers flow from uneven plains. Hence, they have several waterfalls and are not used as waterways.
• Water of all these rivers is used for irrigation and producing hydroelectricity.

Question 11.
List out important rivers, their multipurpose projects and states that benefit from them.
Answer:

Rivers	Multipurpose Project	Benefitted States
Narmada	Narmada Project	Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra
Krishna	Nagarjuna Project	Andhra Pradesh
Tungabhadra	Tungabhadra Project	Andhra Pradesh
Kosi	Kosi Project	Bihar
Mahanadi	Hirakund Project	Orissa
Satluj	Bakhra Nangal Project	Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan

(Note: Refer map 2.4. India: Rivers, Lakes and Multipurpose projects (Dams))

Question 12.
List out few important natural lakes of India, states in which they lie and their types.
Answer:

State	Lake	Type
Jammu Kashmir	Dal and Wular	Freshwater lake
Andhra Pradesh	Kolleru	Freshwater lake
Tamil Nadu	Pulicat Salt	water lake
Orissa	Chilka Salt	water lake
Rajasthan	Sambhar Salt	water lake
Gujarat	Nal Sarovar	Partly saltwater lake

(Note: Refer map 2.4. India: Rivers, Lakes and Multipurpose projects (Dams))

Question 13.
List out a few important artificial lakes of India, states in which they lie and rivers on which these lakes are made.
Answer:

State	River	Lake
Himachal Pradesh	Satluj	Govind Sagar
Andhra Pradesh	Krishna	Nagarjuna Sagar
Andhra Pradesh	Manjra	Nizam Sagar
Gujarat	Narmada	Sardar Sarovar
Madhya Pradesh	Chambal	Gandhi Sagar

(Note: Refer map 2.4. India: Rivers, Lakes and Multipurpose projects (Dams))

Question 14.
State uses of minerals.
Answer:
Uses of minerals:

Mineral	Uses
1. Manganese	In chemical industries, pesticides, glass, varnish and printing industry.
2. Copper	In electrical wire, vessels, coloured glass, coins and printing industry.
3. Bauxite	In electric materials, colours, aeroplanes, purification of kerosene and manufacturing cement.
4. Mica	As a material in making radio, telephone, aeroplane, gramophone and sound-proof curtains.
5. Fluorspar	In melting industries, plastic industries, hydrochloric acid and in making articles from China clay.

Question 15.
Briefly describe forests as a land resource of India. Also, define land resources.
Answer:
Land resources:
Mountains, trees, forests, fertile plains, etc. all together form the land resource.

Forest:

• A large area covered chiefly with many trees and undergrowth is known as forest.
• India has a varied physiography and climate and hence India has different types of forests. -» India ranks
• 10th in the world in terms of variety in vegetation.
• Since ancient times, India is famous for its medicinal herbs.
• Details of about 2000 herbal trees and plants are described in our Ayurveda.
• Forests are an invaluable treasures of our country.

Question 16.
Classify the types of Indian forests with respect to their regions and special characteristics. Also, give examples of trees/plants found in them.
Answer:

Question 17.
State the importance of forests.
Answer:
Forests provide us with many primary and secondary products.

Importance of forests:

• Trees of sundari trees found in Sundarban forests are used for making boats and steamers.
• Artistic things like baskets, mats, toys and furniture are made from cane wood.
• Brooms are made from leaves of palm and date trees.
• Catechu (Kaatha) is made from catechu tree.
• Paper and medicines are made from deodar and chid trees. Moreover, tea boxes, matchsticks, sports goods, artificial fiber, etc. are also made from these trees. ‘
• Trees also provide sealing wax for making varnish, ink for printing, paper for making speakers of electronic goods and gramophone, etc.

Question 18.
State measures to conserve forests.
Answer:
Measures to conserve forests:

• Illegal cutting of trees should be prohibited. Severe punishment should be given to guilty.
• Trees should also be grown on wasteland and people should be motivated for afforestation.
• Use of renewable energy sources such as solar energy, biogas, wind energy, etc. should be increased.
• People should be made aware of benefits of using these resources.
• More forest research institutes should be established for increasing the number of trees and expanding forests in a scientific manner.
• An atmosphere, which encourages every citizen to be responsible for protecting forests, should be created.

Question 19.
List out the varied wildlife of India.
Answer:
Wildlife of India:

Wild animals/birds	Regions where they are found	Important features
1. Elephants	Karnataka, Kerala and Assam	It is the biggest mammal of India. Used for carrying woods and goods in the forest.
2. Rhinoceros	Assam and West Bengal	Lives in bogs
3. Wild ass and camels	Little Rann of Kutch	Wild ass is the unique desert animal of India
4. Lions	Gir forest of Guiarat	Only region in Asia that has lions
5. Royal Bengal Tiger and others tigers	Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Uttarakhand and in some regions of Himalayas.	Royal Bengal Tiger is one of the eight spices of tigers of the world. Tiger is our National Animal
6. Tibetian bears	Himalayas and in Dediapada forest of Gujarat.	……………………………………………

• Apart from these, wild animals like leopard, hyena, blue bull, wolf, blackbuck, deer, etc. are also, found in India.
• Different species of monkeys such as langoor, gibbon, hoolock and baboon are also found.
• Birds like ducks, eagles, parrots, mynah, pigeons, royal, peacocks, etc. are found in large numbers. Peacock is our national bird.
• One and half meter high cranes and Great Indian Bustard are also found in several regions.
• Great Indian Bustard is the heaviest bird of India.
• The Ruddy Shelduck (Surkhab) lay their eggs in the sands of the Rann of Kutch.
• Mackerel, lobster, pomfret, herring, salmon, shark, dolphin, Bombay duck, etc. are various types of fishes found on Indian shores.

Question 20.
List out the main sanctuaries and national parks of India in tabular form.
Answer:
There are 490 sanctuaries and 89 national parks in India. Their list is as follows:

National Park / Sanctuary	State	Birds & Animals
1. Bandipur	Karnataka	Elephant, bear, pig, wild cat
2. Corbett	Uttarakhand	Tiger, elephant, leopard, deer
3. Dachigam	Jammu and Kashmir	Musk-deer
4. Kanha	Madhya Pradesh	Tiger, stag
5. Kaziranga	Assam	Hippopotamus, wild buffalo, deer
6. Keoladev	Rajasthan	Various birds
7. Gir National Sanctuary	Gujarat	Lion, leopard, chital (spotted deer)
8. Rann of Thar	Rajasthan	Desert wolf, desert cat, Great Indian Bustard
9. Velavadar National Park	Gujarat	Blackbuck, khadmor, wolf, blue bull

(Note: Refer map 2.6. India: National Sanctuaries)

Question 21.
State measures to preserve and conserve various natural resources.
Answer:
Measures to conserve various natural resources:
(A) Water:

• Water is a very important natural resources.
• Only 2% of water on earth is suitable for drinking for human beings.
• Industries and development is constantly polluting underground water.
• Immediate and effective steps should be taken to conserve it.

(B) Forests:

• Curriculum of schools and colleges should include topics related to importance of forests and ways to protect them.
• More sanctuaries and national parks should be developed.

(C) Minerals:

• Minerals are limited in nature and their use is increasing day by day.
• Alternate methods or materials should be developed to limit the use of minerals.
• People should be encouraged to reuse minerals.

(D) Wildlife:

• Due to deforestation, wildlife suffers greatly.
• Some species have become very rare and some have even become extinct.
• Birds and animals are killed for feathers, bones, horns, teeth, hide (skin), etc.
• Killing wild birds and animals is illegal and so should be controlled.
• Strict punishment should be given to the guilty.
• People should be made aware about importance of forests and wildlife through National Education Camps, seminars, street shows, etc.

Question 22.
Both Delhi and Srinagar are quite far from sea, still, Delhi experiences cold and hot weather whereas Srinagar always remain cooler. Give reason.
Answer:

• Regions that are very far from sea experience both cold and hot temperatures.
• Delhi is far from sea but lies on flat plain, hence it experiences both temperatures.
• However, Srinagar is surrounded by mountains and also it is on high altitudes.
• Due to mountains and high altitude, Srinagar does not experience much heat and always remains cold.

Question 23.
Forests are invaluable treasure of India. Give reason.
Answer:

• India possesses a very large area of forests.
• India has evergreen, deciduous, thorny and tidal forests.
• India ranks 10th in terms of variety in vegetation.
• These forests provide livelihood to numerous people.
• We get several medicinal herbs, paper, timber, sealing wax, rubber, etc. from forests.
• Thus, forests are invaluable treasure of our country.

Answer In One Or Two Sentence(s)

Question 1.
Define: Climatic condition.
Answer:
Climate is an average weather condition that exists in an area over a long period of time. Conditions related to climate or weather are called climatic conditions.

Question 2.
Why is there uneven rainfall in India?
Answer:
Because the winds that bring rainfall blow from various directions.

Question 3.
Which are the main seasons of India?
Answer:
Summer, Winter and Monsoon

Question 4.
How is the climate of sea-shores in India?
Answer:
Moderate – neither too hot nor too cold.

Question 5.
Why is it cold in winter?
Answer:
Because the rays of the sun fall slant, resulting into a fall in temperature.

Question 6.
Why is southern India not very cold?
Answer:
Because it is near to the Equator.

Question 7.
Which regions are very hot during summer? Why?
Answer:
The regions near the Tropic of Cancer; because the rays of the sun fall straight on these regions.

Question 8.
Which months are the hottest in India?
Answer:
April, May and June.

Question 9.
Which winds bring rainfall to western part of India?
Answer:
The winds blowing from Arabian Sea entering from Malabar Coast of Kerala.

Question 10.
Which states receive rainfall from the winds blowing from Bay of Bengal?
Answer:
Assam, Meghalaya, West Bengal, etc.

Question 11.
Which states receive rainfall from the retreating winds?
Answer:
Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand

Question 12.
How do the three seasons affect routine?
Answer:
Affect the diet, lifestyle and nature of human beings.

Question 13.
In what type of houses do people of Rajasthan live? Why?
Answer:
Houses with flat terraces; to store water during scarcity.

Question 14.
What type of clothes do people of desert region wear? Why?
Answer:
Loose clothes; in order to protect themselves from heat and blow off the dust. Also, they wear a turban to protect their head and hair from dust.

Question 15.
Which states of India grow rice in abundance?
Answer:
Tamil Nadu, Kerala and West Bengal.

Question 16.
Define: Resources.
Answer:
Everything available in our environment which can be stored and used based or its quality, capacity and utility and which becomes our heritage can be termed as Resources.

Question 17.
Define: Natural resources.
Answer:
The materials available naturally on earth and which are easily available and useful to human beings are called natural resources.

Question 18.
How many types of natural resources are there? Which are they?
Answer:
Three; Water resources, mineral resources and land resources.

Question 19.
What are included in water resources?
Answer:
Rivers, lakes, sea, etc.

Question 20.
Into which categories can the rivers of India be divided?
Answer:
A. Rivers of north India and
B. Rivers of south India.

Question 21.
List out the main rivers of north India.
Answer:
Ganga, Yamuna, Sindhu, Brahmaputra, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Satluj, Kosi, etc.

Question 22.
Which are the main rivers of south India?
Answer:
Tapi, Narmada, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Tungabhadra, etc.

Question 23.
Why are the rivers of south India not useful as waterways?
Answer:
Because they flow from uneven plains and form waterfalls.

Question 24.
How are the rivers of south India useful?
Answer:
A. Produce hydroelectricity
B. Irrigation.

Question 25.
Which states have been benefitted by the Narmada Project?
Answer:
Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Maharashtra.

Question 26.
Which states have been benefitted by the Bhakra Nangal Project?
Answer:
Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan

Question 27.
Which are the main natural lakes of India?
Answer:
Dal, Wular, Kolleru, Pulicat, Chilka, Sambhar and Nal Sarovar.

Question 28.
List out the freshwater lakes of India.
Answer:
Dal, Wular and Kolleru.

Question 29.
Which are the main artificial lakes of India?
Answer:
Govind Sagar, Nagarjuna Sagar, Nizam Sagar, Gandhi Sagar and Sardar Sarovar.

Question 30.
How many cities and villages have been provided drinking water through the Narmada Project?
Answer:
135 cities and 8215 villages.

Question 31.
How many regions have got irrigation facility from the Narmada Project?
Answer:
14 districts, 75 talukas and 3360 villages.

Question 32.
Define: Minerals.
Answer:
Biotic and abiotic materials when decompose under the earth transform into a particular chemical constitution due to pressure and heat of the earth. These are called minerals.

Question 33.
Why are raw minerals called ores?
Answer:
Because minerals found under the earth are never pure.

Question 34.
Which are the types of minerals found in India?
Answer:
A. Metallic Minerals: e.g.- copper, gold, zinc,
B. Non-metallic minerals: e.g. – ruby, lime, silica,
C. Power generating minerals: e.g. – coal, mineral oil, radium

Question 35.
In which states is bauxite found?
Answer:
Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgadh, Gujarat, Jharkhand and Maharashtra.

Question 36.
Which minerals are found in Karnataka?
Answer:
Coal, manganese, copper, limestone, gold, etc.

Question 37.
In which states are mineral oil and natural gas found in abundance?
Answer:
Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Assam and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Question 38.
Where is manganese used?
Answer:
In chemicals, pesticides, glass, varnish and printing industries.

Question 39.
Where is bauxite used?
Answer:
In making electric materials, colours, aeroplanes, cement and in purifying kerosene.

Question 40.
Define: Forest.
Answer:
A large area covered chiefly with many trees and undergrowth is known as forest.

Question 41.
Why do we find a variety of forests in India? How many types of forests are found in India?
Answer:
Due to its diversified physiography and climate.

Question 42.
Where do we find evergreen forests in India?
Answer:
A. Evergreen forests,
B. Deciduous forests,
C. Coniferous forests,
D. Thorny forests,
E. Tidal forests.

Question 43.
Where do we find evergreen forests in India?
Answer:
North-east India, mountainous regions and the Andaman and Nicobar islands.

Question 44.
Which are the main trees of the evergreen forests?
Answer:
Bamboo, teak, sal, mahogany and sheesham.

Question 45.
Which trees grow in the Sundarban?
Answer:
Mangroves, palm, kewra, sundari, cher, etc.

Question 46.
Where is thorny vegetation found in India?
Answer:
North-west Punjab, west Haryana, Rajasthan and southern and western areas of Uttar Pradesh.

Question 47.
Which are the main trees of thorny forests?
Answer:
Spurge, acacia, caper, etc.

Question 48.
Where do we find coniferous forests?
Answer:
In the regions of Himalayas.

Question 49.
Which different items are made from deodar and chid trees?
Answer:
Paper, medicines, tea boxes, matchsticks. sports equipment, artificial fibre or filament, etc.

Question 50.
Where are elephants found in India?
Answer:
Karnataka, Kerala and Assam.

Question 51.
Where is rhinoceros found in India?
Answer:
Assam and West Bengal.

Question 52.
Where are tigers found in India?
Answer:
Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Uttarakhand and Himalayas.

Question 53.
Which varieties of monkeys are found in India?
Answer:
Langoor, gibbon, hoolock and baboon.

Question 54.
Which is the world’s biggest bird sanctuary?
Answer:
Keoladev National Bird Sanctuary in Rajasthan.

Question 55.
Which different varieties of fish are found in India?
Answer:
Mackerel, lobster, pomfret, herring, salmon, shark, dolphin, bombay duck, etc.

Question 56.
Which animals are found in the Velavadar National Park?
Answer:
Blackbuck, khadmor, wolf, blue bull, etc.

Question 57.
Why are birds and animals killed?
Answer:
For their skin, feathers, bones, horns, teeth, meat, etc.

Question 58.
Which animals are found in deserts?
Answer:
Wild ass, camels, cranes, flamingoes, Great Indian Bustards, wolves, desert cats, etc.

Question 59.
Which animals are found in Kaziranga National Park?
Answer:
Hippopotamus, wild buffalo, deer, etc.

Question 60.
Which national park is located in Karnataka?
Answer:
Bandipur National Park.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which of these states experiences heavy rainfall?
(A) Rajasthan
(B) Gujarat
(C) Madhya Pradesh
(D) Meghalaya
Answer:
(D) Meghalaya

Question 2.
The region of …………………… India is peninsula.
(A) East
(B) West
(C) North
(D) South
Answer:
(D) South

Question 3.
WhIch part of India is near the Equator?
(A) Eastern
(B) Western
(C) Northern
(D) Southern
Answer:
(D) Southern

Question 4.
Major part of ……………….. is a desert.
(A) Gujarat
(B) Maharashtra
(C) Punjab
(D) Rajasthan
Answer:
(D) Rajasthan

Question 5.
Malabar coast receives more than …………………….. cm rainfall.
(A) 200
(B) 250
(C) 300
(D) 350
Answer:
(C) 300

Question 6.
The winds blowing from …………………….. bring rainfall to East India.
(A) Arabian Sea
(B) Bay of Bengal
(C) Indian Ocean
(D) All of these
Answer:
(B) Bay of Bengal

Question 7.
People living in ……………………… prefer to wear cotton turban.
(A) Desert
(B) Coastal
(C) Cold region
(D) Hot region
Answer:
(A) Desert

Question 8.
Most people of …………………….. prefer to join army.
(A) Karnataka
(B) Kashmir
(C) Punjab
(D) Gujrat
Answer:
(C) Punjab

Question 9.
The coastal region of Gujarat grows abundant amount of …………………. .
(A) Paddy
(B) Maize
(C) Wheat
(D) Milet
Answer:
(C) Wheat

Question 10.
River …………………….. has made a triangular fertile plain near her mouth
(A) Sindhu
(B) Ganga
(C) Yamuna
(D) Bharamaputra
Answer:
(B) Ganga

Question 11.
River Kosi flows through ………………………… .
(A) Kashmir
(B) Haryana
(C) Andhra Pradesh
(D) Bihar
Answer:
(D) Bihar

Question 12.
Which of these river meets the Arabian Sea?
(A) Tapi
(B) Godavari
(C) Kaveri
(D) All of these
Answer:
(A) Tapi

Question 13.
Which of these is a salt water lake?
(A) Dal
(B) Sambhar
(C) Wular
(D) Kolleru
Answer:
(B) Sambhar

Question 14.
The Hirakund Project is in ……………………. .
(A) Haryana
(B) Orissa
(C) Bihar
(D) Punjab
Answer:
(B) Orissa

Question 15.
The main canal of ……………………… is the world’s biggest canal.
(A) Satluj
(B) Ganga
(C) Kosi
(D) Narmada
Answer:
(D) Narmada

Question 16.
Which of the following is a non-metallic mineral?
(A) Gold
(B) Zinc
(C) Bauxite
(D) Nickel
Answer:
(C) Bauxite

Question 17.
Which of these is a power generating mineral?
(A) Uranium
(B) Thorium
(C) Radium
(D) All of these
Answer:
(D) All of these

Question 18.
In which states is gold found?
(A) Tamil Nadu and Gujarat
(B) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
(C) West Bengal and Orissa
(D) Maharashtra and Assam
Answer:
(B) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh

Question 19.
Which of these minerals is used in printing industry?
(A) Manganese
(B) Copper
(C) Mica
(D) Both A and
Answer:
(D) Both A and

Question 20.
………………….. is used to purify kerosene.
(A) Manganese
(B) Copper
(C) Bauxite
(D) Fluorspar
Answer:
(C) Bauxite

Question 21.
……………………….. is made from fluorspar.
(A) Hydrochloric acid
(B) Sulphuric acid
(C) Nitric acid
(D) Citric acid
Answer:
(A) Hydrochloric acid

Question 22.
There are ……………………….. types of trees in India.
(A) 2000
(B) 3000
(C) 4000
(D) 5000
Answer:
(D) 5000

Question 23.
In terms of variety in vegetation, India ranks ……………………. .
(A) 7th
(B) 8th
(C) 9th
(D) 10th
Answer:
(D) 10th

Question 24.
There is description of ……………………. herbal trees and plants in Ayurveda.
(A) 2000
(B) 3000
(C) 4000
(D) 5000
Answer:
(A) 2000

Question 25.
Which of these trees grows in deciduous forest?
(A) Mahogany
(B) Sesame
(C) Machado
(D) Kevdo
Answer:
(C) Machado

Question 26.
Coniferous forest grows in ………………….. .
(A) Coastal regions
(B) Islands
(C) Delta regions
(D) Himalayas
Answer:
(D) Himalayas

Question 27.
…………………………… are made from the leaves of palm and date trees.
(A) Tea boxes
(B) Match sticks
(C) Artificial fibres
(D) Brooms
Answer:
(D) Brooms

Question 28.
……………………….. are found only in Gujarat in India.
(A) Rhinos
(B) Lions
(C) Tigers
(D) Elephants
Answer:
(B) Lions

Question 29.
…………………………. is the heaviest bird.
(A) Crane
(B) Peacock
(C) Mynah
(D) Great Indian Bustard
Answer:
(D) Great Indian Bustard

Question 30.
…………………………….. is the world’s biggest bird sanctuary.
(A) Keoladev
(B) Nal Sarovar
(C) Velavadar
(D) Gir
Answer:
(A) Keoladev

Question 31.
The Kaziranga National Park Is in ………………… .
(A) Assam
(B) Rajasthan
(C) Jharkhand
(D) Gujarat
Answer:
(A) Assam

Question 32.
The Dachigam Sanctuary Is famous for …………………….. .
(A) Blackbuck
(B) Stag
(C) Blue bull
(D) Musk deer
Answer:
(D) Musk deer

Question 33.
Corbett National Park is in …………………………. .
(A) Jharkhand
(B) Chhattisgarh
(C) Uttarakhand
(D) Uttar Pradesh
Answer:
(C) Uttarakhand

Question 34.
Which of these is in Madhya Pradesh?
(A) Bandipur
(B) Kanha
(C) Keoladev
(D) Dachigam
Answer:
(B) Kanha

Question 35.
Only …………………. % water on earth is available for drinking.
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 5
(D) 10
Answer:
(B) 2

Question 36.
Which forests are found in Eastern Ghats?
(A) Evergreen
(B) Deciduous
(C) Coniferous
(D) Thorny
Answer:
(B) Deciduous

Question 37.
The trees of deciduous forests shed leaves in …………………… .
(A) Summer
(B) Autumn
(C) Spring
(D) Winter
Answer:
(B) Autumn

Question 38.
Sundarban is the most famous forest in the delta of …………………… .
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Sindhu
(D) Satluj
Answer:
(A) Ganga

Question 39.
The Nizam Sagar Lake has been formed over river …………………….. .
(A) Padma
(B) Chambal
(C) Manjra
(D) Kosi
Answer:
(C) Manjra

Question 40.
Govind Sagar Sarovar is In …………………. .
(A) Haryana
(B) Himachal Pradesh
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Jammu & Kashmir
Answer:
(B) Himachal Pradesh.

Fill in the blanks

Question 1.
India is located between ……………… to ………………….0N latitude.
Answer:
8, 37

Question 2.
There is scanty rainfall in the desert region of ………………….. .
Answer:
Rajasthan.

Question 3.
India experiences summer season between ……………………. and …………………….. months.
Answer:
March, May.

Question 4.
India experiences monsoon season between ……………………… and ……………………… months.
Answer:
June, September.

Question 5.
People of north India mostly wear ……………………….. clothes.
Answer:
Woollen

Question 6.
…………………… clothes are preferred by south Indians to protect themselves from heat.
Answer:
Cotton

Question 7.
The main occupation of the people of Gujarat is ………………………. .
Answer:
Trading and business

Question 8.
People of north India are mostly engaged in ………………….. .
Answer:
Farming

Question 9.
………………………. industry has flourished in coastal regions.
Answer:
Marine

Question 10.
There are mainly ………………………. types of natural resources.
Answer:
Three

Question 11.
River …………………… of Bihar is flooded every year.
Answer:
Kosi.

Question 12.
River Tungabhadra meets the …………………….. .
Answer:
Bay of Bengal

Question 13.
The Nagarjuna Project is in ………………….. .
Answer:
Andhra Pradesh

Question 14.
Nal Sarovar is a …………………….. water lake.
Answer:
Salt

Question 15.
………………………………. is a salt water lake located in Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
Pulicat

Question 16.
……………………. is an artificial lake built on river Chambal.
Answer:
Gandhi Sagar

Question 17.
The entire canal network of Narmada is …………………………. km.
Answer:
66,000

Question 18.
………………………………… is the biggest multipurpose project of Gujarat.
Answer:
Narmada Project

Question 19.
Thorium is found in …………………….. and …………………….. states.
Answer:
Rajasthan, Jharkhand.

Question 20.
……………………… is used to make cement.
Answer:
Bauxite.

Question 21.
……………………… is used to melt minerals.
Answer:
Fluorspar.

Question 22.
…………………………… mineral is used for noise absorption.
Answer:
Mica.

Question 23.
The trees of evergreen forests are ……………………. to ………………………. m high.
Answer:
30, 35.

Question 24.
……………………. is the most famous forest of the delta region.
Answer:
Sunderban

Question 25.
………………………….. is made from Sundari trees.
Answer:
Boats, steamers.

Question 26.
……………………………. is the biggest mammal of India.
Answer:
Elephant.

Question 27.
………………………….. is the unique animal found in India.
Answer:
Rhinocerous.

Question 28.
………………………. is our National Bird.
Answer:
Peacock

Question 29.
…………………………… national bird sanctuary is situated in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Keoladev

Question 30.
………………………. is our National Bird.
Answer:
2.5 lakh

Question 31.
…………………… national bird sanctuary is situated in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Lions

Question 32.
Keolade, Bird Sanctuary is a house to ……………………… birds.
Answer:
Tigers

Question 33.
The Gir Sanctuary is famous for …………………… .
Answer:
Gujarat

Question 34.
Kanha National Park is known for ……………………….. .
Answer:
The Rann of Thar

Question 35.
‘Velavadar National Park is located in ………………………. .
Answer:
Wild ass

True or False

Question 1.
Large size of India is one of the reasons for its varied climate.
Answer:
True

Question 2.
India lies above the equator.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
Tropic of Cancer makes northern India cold.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
India experiences retreating monsoon in the month of August and September.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
The Malabar Coast of Kerala receives about 300 cm of rain.
Answer:
True

Question 6.
Yamuna is also known as Bhagirathi.
Answer:
False

Question 7.
The Kolleru Lake of Tamil Nadu is a freshwater lake.
Answer:
False

Question 8.
Sambhar Lake lies in south India.
Answer:
False

Question 9.
Gandhisagar Lake is built on river Sabarmati.
Answer:
False

Question 10.
Minerals form the backbone of a country.
Answer:
True

Question 11.
Only two states are major producers of atomic minerals.
Answer:
True

Question 12.
Bamboo is a tree of evergreen forest whereas spurge is thorny vegetation.
Answer:
True

Question 13.
Deciduous – Satpura; Evergreen – Eastern and Western Ghats.
Answer:
False

Question 14.
Catechu is an important raw material for pan shops.
Answer:
True

Question 15.
Arunachal Pradesh receives more than 300 cm of rainfall.
Answer:
True

Question 16.
Pulicat is an artificial lake.
Answer:
True

Question 17.
South India is rich in gold reserves.
Answer:
True

Identify Me

Question 1.
I pass through centre of India.
Answer:
Tropic of Cancer

Question 2.
One city where snow falls regularly.
Answer:
Srinagar

Question 3.
A mountain range in the western part of southern peninsula.
Answer:
Western Ghats

Question 4.
I am the coast in south India near Kerala from which winds that bring rainfall enter India.
Answer:
Malabar Coast.

Question 5.
I am anything that is used to fulfil the requirement of human beings.
Answer:
Resources

Question 6.
lam the other name of river Ganga.
Answer:
Bhagirathi

Question 7.
I cause devastating floods in Bihar every year.
Answer:
River Kosi

Question 8.
I am the biggest artificial lake of Gujarat.
Answer:
Sardar Sarovar

Question 9.
I am the longest river of India.
Answer:
Ganga

Question 10.
Iam used to make jewellery.
Answer:
Diamond

Question 11.
I am useful in making coloured glass.
Answer:
Copper.

Question 12.
I am useful in making things from China clay.
Answer:
Fluorspar

Question 13.
Artistic baskets, mats, toys and furniture can be made from me.
Answer:
Cane wood.

Question 14.
I am useful in making ink which is used in printing industry.
Answer:
Sealing wax

Question 15.
lam one of the eight rare tiger species of the world. I am found in West Bengal.
Answer:
Royal Bengal Tiger

Question 16.
I am well known as the state of white lions.
Answer:
West Bengal

Question 17.
We lay eggs in the mud of the Rann of Kachchh.
Answer:
Ruddy Shelduck

Question 18.
Iam shelter to many migratory birds in Gujarat.
Answer:
Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary

Question 19.
We are found in Himalayan region and the Dediapada forest of Gujarat.
Answer:
Tibetian Bears

Question 20.
I am a hill station in the Himalayas in West Bengal.
Answer:
Darjeeling

Activity
Select the correct option from the statements given below.

Question 1.
There is rainfall in India due to seasonal/unseasonal winds.
Answer:
Seasonal

Question 2.
It rains heavily/scarcely in Meghalaya.
Answer:
Heavily

Question 3.
The Narmada Project/The Nagarjuna Project is on River Krishna.
Answer:
Nagarjuna Project

Question 4.
Gold mines are found in Karnataka/Gujarat State.
Answer:
Karnataka

Question 5.
Turpentine/Catechu is made from chid tree.
Answer:
Turpentine.

Match The Following

A	B
1. River Tungabhadra	a. River of North India
2. River Ganga	b. River of South India
3. Metallic mineral	c. Graphite
4. Kanha National Park	d. Madhya Pradesh
5. Heaviest bird	e. Great Indian Bustard
	f. Mercury

Answer:
1-b 2-a 3-f 4-d 5-e