Our Revision Notes for GSEB Class 9 Social Science Notes Chapter 12 Indian Democracy summarises the key points of a chapter and useful resource to prepare effectively for the upcoming board exams.
Indian Democracy Class 9 GSEB Notes Social Science Chapter 10
Indian Democracy Class 9 GSEB Notes
→ India has the highest number of voters in the world.
→ Population wise India is the largest democratic country of the world.
→ Our country has a Parliamentary System.
→ In our country all the governing bodies are elected through voting. Thus democracy is realised by elections.
→ A voter is very important in a democracy.
→ Our country has Universal Adult Suffrage.
→ The system of Universal Adult Suffrage is based on the principle of ‘One Person One Vote.’
→ Every voter should exercise the right to vote.
→ The people can evaluate their representatives during elections.
→ Candidates belonging to the political parties as well as the independent candidates who do not belong to any political party can contest election.
→ In an election the winning candidate of any party or belonging to a election is the foundation of democracy.
→ Election is the life line of a nation’s democracy.
→ Indian democracy elections are very important for the political parties as well as the candidates.
→ Election is the barometer of democracy.
→ Election provides an opportunity to a voter to evaluate the contesting candidates. Election gives a picture of a country’s social and economic environment.
→ Election decides the future of the Government.
→ Elections are contested by political parties, independent candidates, as well as a coalition of political parties.
→ Election being soul of a democracy it is essential that it is transparent.
→ The candidate who wins the election represents the people.
→ In representative system the ruling party would like to regain and retain its power.
→ To regain and retain its power it becomes essential for the political parties to connect with the people.
→ Public opinion is highly essential for political parties, representatives and organisations. Collective public opinion is extremely important in democracy.
→ Strong and organised public opinion is very important in democracy.
→ Public opinion helps in creating such a condition where the Government cannot afford to misrule or neglect the country.
→ Alert and intelligent public that keeps itself informed cannot be misled by the Government.
→ Various mediums in the modem times have proved to be very important in creating public opinion
→ To cultivate the human psyche and to create a strong public opinion the various information and
broadcasting agencies are very useful.
→ These mediums contributing to build strong and effective public opinion are :
→ Print Media – Newspapers, periodicals and journals are print media.
→ Electronic Media : Audio visual media like the radio, television, cinema etc. are important electronic media.
→ Electronic media are very important in today’s time.
Types of Democracy : There are two types of democracies i.e. Parliamentary Democracy and Presidential Democracy.
Parliamentary Democracy
→ Our country has accepted the Parliamentary Democracy.
→ The Parliamentary Government is completely accountable to the Lok Sabha, the Lower House of the Parliament.
→ Government remains in power as long as it enjoys the confidence of the majority of the members of the parliament.
→ Presidential Democracy : Presidential democracy is the second important type of democracy. In such a type of democracy the President is directly elected by the people, eg; USA.
→ The Election Commission maintains the administration, control and monitoring of the entire process of election.
→ It is essential for any democracy that its Election Commission is independent, impartial and autonomous.
→ The responsibility and authority to hold elections for the Parliament, State Assembly, Legislative Council, President and the Vice President rest with the Election Commission.
→ The election of our country is carried out by secret ballot.
→ When an election takes place to choose a new Member of Parliament for a particular constituency is known as By-election. It is held when the former member has died or left suddenly or resigned.
→ In our country elections are conducted in a complete independent and secret manner.
→ It is expected that the voters vote without any benefit, greed or fear. “Secret Ballot’ is given utmost importance in a democracy.
→ Two processes are used for voting.
- Voting by a ballot paper
- Voting through an Electronic Voting Machine (EVM).
→ If a voter decides to exercise his right to vote but not to cast his vote in favor of any of the contesting candidates, he can use the option of NOTA.
→ India is multi party democracy and hence we have various political parties.
→ Political parties are classified either into National party or Regional party based on certain specific policies and criteria decided by the Election Commission.
→ As per the information given by the Election Commission there are seven national parties registered. They are; BJP, INC, CPI, CPI(M), NCP, BSP and AITC.
→ The party forming the Government is known as the ruling party. The party which forms the opposition is called the opposition party.
→ The opposition party helps form public opinion by democratically opposing the objectionable plans and policies of the Government.
→ The success of democracy depends on a balanced relationship between the ruling and opposing party.
→ Effective and strong opposition party is a pre-requisite of a good democracy. Democracy is like a chariot. Ruling party and the opposing party are the two wheels of the chariot.