GSEB Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Gujarat Board GSEB Textbook Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf.

Gujarat Board Textbook Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 11 Transportation in Animals and Plants

Gujarat Board Class 7 Science Transportation in Animals and Plants Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Match structures are given in Column I with functions given in Column II.

Column I	Column II
(i) Stomata	(a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem	(b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs	(c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem	(d) Transport of water
	(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates

Answer:

Column I	Column II
(i) Stomata	(b) Transpiration
(ii) Xylem	(d) Transport of water
(iii) Root hairs	(a) Absorption of water
(iv) Phloem	(c) Transport of food

Question 2
Fill in the blanks

1. The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the ………….
2. Haemoglobin is present in …………… cells.
3. Arteries and veins are joined by a network of ………….
4. The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart are called ………….
5. The main excretory product in human beings is ………….
6. Sweat contains water and …………..
7. Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called …………..
8. The water reaches great heights in the trees because of the suction pull caused by …………..

Answer:

1. arteries
2. red blood cells
3. capillaries
4. heartbeat
5. urea
6. salts
7. urine
8.  transpiration.

Question 3.
Choose the correct option:
(a) In plants, water is transported through
(i) xylem
(ii) phloem
(iii) stomata
(iv) root hair

(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants
(i) in the shade
(ii) in dim light
(iii) under the fan
(iv) covered with a polythene bag
Answer:
(a) (i) Xylem
(b) (ii) under the fan

Question 4.
Why is the transport of materials necessary in a plant or an animal? Explain.
Answer:
Transport of materials is necessary for plants or animals because due to it the nutrients and oxygen are made available to all the parts of the body. If the transport of necessary nutrients and oxygen does not take place in the body, the body will not be able to survive.

Question 5.
What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?
Answer:
The blood platelets are responsible for the clotting of the blood. When some injury occurs, blood starts flowing. But it clots on its own. If there are no platelets, the blood will not be able to clot and keep on flowing. Huge loss of blood ultimately causes death.

Question 6.
What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.
Answer:
There are small openings on the lower surface of the leaves. These pores are called stomata. These openings are surrounded by guard cells.

Functions of stomata:

• It helps in the transpiration of water, i. e., the loss of excess water from the plant.
• Loss of water from the stomata creates an upward pull, i.e., suction pull which helps in absorption of water from the roots.
• They help in exchange of gases.

Question 7.
Does transpiration serve any useful function in plants? Explain.
Answer:

• It helps to enhance the absorption of water and dissolved minerals by the creation of a suction pull.
• It helps in getting rid of the excess water.
• It helps in the transport of water and minerals to leaves and leaves use the water for photosynthesis.
• It produces a cooling effect on the plant.

Question 8.
What are the components of blood?
Answer:
There are four components of blood:

• Plasma is a liquid part of the blood which is yellowish in colour and contains 90% water. It contains food, enzymes, wastes and proteins etc.
• Red blood cells are disc-shaped cells containing red coloured pigment called haemoglobin in it. Haemoglobin helps in the transportation of oxygen.
• White blood cells are the fighting cells which protect us against bacteria and foreign materials causing infections.
• Platelets help in the clotting of the blood.

Question 9.
Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body?
Answer:
Blood is needed by all the parts because it contains the digested food and oxygen in it. It supplies the oxygen and digested food to various parts of the body to provide essential energy to them which helps the body to perform various functions.

Question 10.
What makes the blood look red?
Answer:
A red pigment called haemoglobin gives the blood its red colour. This pigment helps in carrying oxygen to various parts of the body by the blood.

Question 11.
Describe the function of the heart.
Answer:
The right auricle and ventricle receive blood with carbon dioxide from all parts of the body. The collected blood is then pumped to the lungs for the purification. In the lungs, the exchange of gases takes place and purified blood is sent back to the left auricle. It pumps it to the left ventricle, which in turn pumps off the purified blood to all parts of the body through arteries.

Question 12.
Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
Answer:
Certain waste and toxic products are formed during the functioning of body cells. The waste products like urea etc. are toxic. When these toxic materials are not removed from the body, they get mixed with blood and can damage the cells of the body. It is necessary to remove such poisonous waste materials from our body.

Question 13.
Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.
Answer:

Extended Learning Activities And Projects

Question 1.
Find out about blood groups and their importance.
Answer:
Blood Groups: Every human being has an individual blood group which remains unchanged throughout life. Human blood can be divided into four groups named as A, B, AB and O. Here, letters A and B refer to certain substances which are present in the Red Blood cells. The blood group AB contains both A and B substance in the Red Blood cells (RBC) whereas, both these substances are absent in the blood group O. Every person has one of these four groups. Blood groups are inherited and cannot be changed throughout the life.

Importance: In case of heavy blood loss due to an accident, injury or disease there is an urgent need to give blood of another person to the patient. The person who gives blood is called the donor and the person who receives blood is called the recipient. This donation of the blood of one person to another person is called a blood transfusion. You must know that if the blood of the donor is not compatible with the blood of the patient, the red blood cells of the patient will stick together. This may cause the death of the patient.

Table showing Compatibility of blood groups for blood transfusion

Question 2.
When a person suffers from chest pain, the doctor immediately takes an ECG. Visit a doctor and get information about ECG. You may even lookup an encyclopaedia or the internet.
Answer:
The muscle fibres (muscle cells) of a certain part of the heart are specialised to generate electric currents that cause the normal rhythmic heartbeats. An instrument called the Electrocardiograph can record the electrical changes during a heartbeat. This graphic records the electrical changes during a heartbeat. This graphic recording is called ECG (Electrocardiogram). ECG is done to detect the area of malfunctioning of the heart. So that treatment can be given accordingly.